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Neural controls of human hair growth: Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) induces catagen

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Cited by (23)

  • The impact of perceived stress on the hair follicle: Towards solving a psychoneuroendocrine and neuroimmunological puzzle

    2022, Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology
    Citation Excerpt :

    In the well-studied mouse models for hair growth, the FNB was shown to contain mainly calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) and CRH positive fibres (Arck et al., 2006a; Botchkarev et al., 1997; Botchkarev et al., 1999a,b; Roloff et al., 1998), while SP and noradrenaline appeared to be absent from the FNB and are instead released from dermal nerve endings surrounding the more proximal HF and the arrector pili muscle (Botchkarev et al., 1997; Peters et al., 2007). CGRP, CRH, ACTH and cortisol are all produced within the human HF epithelium itself (Foitzik et al., 2006; Ito et al., 2005; Joachim et al., 2007; Kinori et al., 2012; Samuelov et al., 2012) and mouse studies suggest that systemically derived hormones may influence hair pigmentation and cycling. In addition, noradrenergic innervation of the pilo-sebaceous unit appears to facilitate stem cell activation and anagen entry in mice (Shwartz et al., 2020) though the presence of nerves does not seem to be required for HF cycle progression in fully matured HFs (Maurer et al., 1998).

  • Nerve–stem cell crosstalk in skin regeneration and diseases

    2022, Trends in Molecular Medicine
    Citation Excerpt :

    Secretory factors such as neuropeptides have been proposed to mediate the interactions between sensory nerves and stem cells. In addition to the SHH stated above, substance P (SP) and calcitonin-gene-related peptide (CGRP) from sensory nerves are implicated in affecting hair growth and wound healing [52–57]. Correspondingly, skin stem cells also express various receptors for these factors [50,54].

  • Neuroendocrinology of the hair follicle: Principles and clinical perspectives

    2014, Trends in Molecular Medicine
    Citation Excerpt :

    The response to psychoemotional stressors, a central field of neuroendocrinological research [19], can also be studied instructively in the HF [93,94]. As the most densely innervated peripheral organ of mammals [95], whose sensory innervation impacts on hair growth and HF stem cell biology [96–98], the HF expresses cognate receptors for all major stress response-mediators – CRH, ACTH, cortisol, PRL, neuropeptide Y, catecholamines, nerve growth factor (NGF), and substance P. The HF is also sensitive to stimulation by these stress mediators, and produces many of these itself (Table 1).

  • The renaissance of human skin organ culture: A critical reappraisal

    2018, Differentiation
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    For example, TRH is now appreciated as key central integrator of energy metabolism that acts as a stimulator of human HF growth (Gaspar et al., 2010); additionally, thyroid hormones potently modulate mitochondrial function in the human epidermis (Vidali et al., 2016) and promote the reepithelialization of experimentally wounded human skin (Meier et al., 2013), as shown in hSOC. hSOC-based data have also revealed that other neuroendocrine mediators, such as prolactin, substance P, CGRP, and dopamine, profoundly modulate the physiology of human skin and its appendages (Foitzik et al., 2006; Langan et al., 2013; Ramot et al., 2015; Samuelov et al., 2012). The average lifespan has increased considerably in our society.

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This study was supported in part by a grant from the National Alopecia Areata Foundation (NAAF), U.S.A., to R.P.

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