Characterization of water-soluble dark-brown pigment from Antarctic bacterium, Lysobacter oligotrophicus

doi:10.1016/j.jbiosc.2014.11.020

Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering

Volume 120, Issue 1, July 2015, Pages 58-61

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiosc.2014.11.020 Get rights and content

Lysobacter oligotrophicus strain 107-E2^T isolated from Antarctica produces dark-brown colored water-soluble pigment, in addition to hydrolases and lytic enzymes. The production of pigment is a common characteristic among members of the genus Lysobacter, but the identity of the pigments has been unknown. In this study, we identified the pigment from L. oligotrophicus as melanin pigment (Lo-melanin) by chemical and spectroscopic analyses. Although melanin is generally insoluble in both aqueous and organic solvents, the results in this study revealed that Lo-melanin shows water-solubility by means of the added polysaccharide chain. Lo-melanin production of L. oligotrophicus was increased by ultraviolet (UV) exposure, and survival rate of Escherichia coli under UV-irradiated condition was increased by the addition of Lo-melanin to the medium.

Section snippets

Extraction and purification of the pigment

L. oligotrophicus strain 107-E2^T was cultivated on a rotary shaker in 0.25xLB medium (2.5 g/L of tryptone, 1.3 g/L of yeast extract) at 23°C for 2 weeks (25). The culture containing dark-brown pigment was centrifuged (5000 ×g, 10 min) and the supernatant was filtrated by 0.22 μm pore size filter (Millipore). Then flow-through fraction was acidified to pH 2.5 with HCl and incubated on overnight. Precipitate was collected by centrifuge (5000 ×g, 5 min), washed by ethanol twice, and dried. For

Purification and identification of the pigment

In the previous study, the pigment from L. oligotrophicus was expected to be melanin pigment (25). The dark-brown water-soluble pigment from L. oligotrophicus was recovered from the culture by the modified method for bacterial melanin isolation (17). To identify the pigment, spectral (UV–visible, EPR and FT-IR) analyses were performed (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3). When UV–visible absorption spectra of the pigment at 180–750 nm were analyzed, absorption was observed at the all observed wavelengths (

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to express their sincere thanks to all members concerned to the 46th Japanese Antarctic Research Expedition. This study was supported by JSPS KAKENHI (19205022 and 23657068).

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Characterization of water-soluble dark-brown pigment from Antarctic bacterium, Lysobacter oligotrophicus

Section snippets

Extraction and purification of the pigment

Purification and identification of the pigment

Acknowledgments

Mutat. Res.

Curr. Opin. Microbiol.

Fungal. Genet. Biol.

Methods Enzymol.

Chemosphere

Biophys. J.

Tetrahedron

Ecology and biodiversity of cold-adapted microorganisms

Large losses of total ozone in Antarctica reveal seasonal ClOx/NOx interaction

Nature

Prokaryotic diversity in the Antarctic: the tip of the iceberg

Microb. Ecol.

Lake Vostok and subglacial lakes of Antarctica: do they host life?

Perennial Antarctic lake ice: an oasis for life in a polar desert

Science

Biodiversity of methanogenic and other archaea in the permanently frozen Lake Fryxell, Antarctica

Appl. Environ. Microbiol.

Life in extreme environments

Nature

On the rocks: the microbiology of Antarctic Dry Valley soils

Nat. Rev. Microbiol.

Whales use distinct strategies to counteract solar ultraviolet radiation

Sci. Rep.

Melanin synthesis in microorganisms – biotechnological and medical aspects

Acta Biochim. Pol.

Melanin production by Rhizobium strains

Appl. Environ. Microbiol.

Isolation, purification and physicochemical characterization of water-soluble Bacillus thuringiensis melanin

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Microbiology