Development of a highly efficient indigo dyeing method using indican with an immobilized β-glucosidase from Aspergillus niger

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiosc.2010.03.010Get rights and content

Abstract

A highly efficient method for dyeing textiles with indigo is described. In this method, the substrate, indican is first hydrolyzed at an acidic pH of 3 using an immobilized β-glucosidase to produce indoxyl, under which conditions indigo formation is substantially repressed. The textile sample is then dipped in the prepared indoxyl solution and the textile is finally exposed to ammonia vapor for a short time, resulting in rapid indigo dyeing. As an enzyme, we selected a β-glucosidase from Aspergillus niger, which shows a high hydrolytic activity towards indican and was thermally stable at temperatures up to 50–60 °C, in an acidic pH region. The A. niger β-glucosidase, when immobilized on Chitopearl BCW-3001 by treatment with glutaraldehyde, showed an optimum reaction pH similar to that of the free enzyme with a slightly higher thermal stability. The kinetics for the hydrolysis of indican at pH 3, using the purified free and immobilized enzymes was found to follow Michaelis–Menten type kinetics with weak competitive inhibition by glucose. Using the immobilized enzyme, we successfully carried out repeated-batch and continuous hydrolyses of indican at pH 3 when nitrogen gas was continuously supplied to the substrate solution. Various types of model textiles were dyed using the proposed method although the color yield varied, depending on the type of textile used.

Section snippets

Materials

Three commercially available β-glucosidases from Almond, Tricoderma viride, and A. niger were used for the hydrolysis of indican. Partially purified Almond β-glucosidase and T. viride β-glucosidase were obtained from Wako Pure Chemical Industries (Osaka, Japan) while the crude A. niger enzyme preparation (Novozym 188) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Indican and indigo were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich and Wako, respectively. Toyopearl DEAE 650 S and Bio-Gel P-100 were from Tosoh

Selection of β-glucosidase

Three types of commercially available β-glucosidases, i. e., Almond, T. viride, and A. niger β-glucosidases were examined without further purification in terms of activity and thermal stability, particularly, in an acidic pH region. The specific activities of the Almond, T. viride, and A. niger β-glucosidases measured at pH 3 and at 30 °C were approximately 20, 0.8, and 1.1 U/mg-protein, respectively. The Almond enzyme showed the highest specific activity among the three enzyme preparations at

Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported in part by the Program for Regional Resource Utilization R&D Program (2007–2008, Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry).

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  • Cited by (31)

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