Fig. 1. Example of target sizes (dashed lines) in relation to land distribution. (A) Galapagos; (B) Ester; (C) Marquesas; (D) Tuamotu; (E) Society; (F) Tabuaeran; (G) Kiribati; (H) Marshall. The figure's axes represent the T₆ target box.

Fig. 2. Example of simulation results. Top: Track of the vessels that hit targets of size T_0.5 in the second quarter experiment. Colors refer to the island where the hit occurred. Bottom: As for top panel for the seed capsule drift simulation.

Target areas’ latitude and longitude (in degrees) representing the centre of the target areas used in the experiments

Southern hemisphere latitudes are negative. RTs, relevant target size (see Table 2 for target sizes).

Dimension, in degrees, of target areas used in the experiments

T_0.5–T₆ are adopted for all islands with the exception of Hawaii, where T_h1 and T_h2 are used, and New Zealand, with target area T_nz.

Crossing parameters for vessel hits on relevant target sizes

Hits, number of hits compensated for differences in departure density; %, probability of occurrence; AveT, average crossing time; MinT, minimum crossing time; AveL, average departure latitude; MaxL/MinL, range of departure latitude. The N and S following some targets indicate northern of southern departure area trajectory.

Crossing parameters for seed hits on relevant target sizes

Column names are the same as in Table 3.