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Future Generation Computer Systems
Volume 22, Issue 8, October 2006, Pages 901-907
 
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doi:10.1016/j.future.2006.03.007    How to Cite or Link Using DOI (Opens New Window)
Copyright © 2006 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved.

Seamless live migration of virtual machines over the MAN/WAN

Franco Travostinoa, Corresponding Author Contact Information, E-mail The Corresponding Author, Paul Daspitb, E-mail The Corresponding Author, Leon Gommansc, E-mail The Corresponding Author, Chetan Joga, E-mail The Corresponding Author, Cees de Laatc, E-mail The Corresponding Author, Joe Mambrettid, E-mail The Corresponding Author, Inder Mongaa, E-mail The Corresponding Author, Bas van Oudenaardec, 1, E-mail The Corresponding Author, Satish Raghunatha, 2, E-mail The Corresponding Author and Phil Yonghui Wange, E-mail The Corresponding Author

aNortel, 600 Technology Park Drive, Billerica, MA 01821, USA bNortel, 3128 James St. Suite 101, San Diego, CA 92106, USA cAdvanced Internet Research group of the Universiteit van Amsterdam, Kruislaan 403, 1098 SJ Amsterdam, The Netherlands diCAIR/Northwestern University, 750 North Lakeshore Drive Suite 600, Chicago, IL 60611, USA eNortel, 3500 Carling Avenue, Nepean, ON, Canada

Available online 11 May 2006.

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Abstract

The “VM Turntable” demonstrator at iGRID 2005 pioneered the integration of Virtual Machines (VMs) with deterministic “lightpath” network services across a MAN/WAN. The results provide for a new stage of virtualization—one for which computation is no longer localized within a data center but rather can be migrated across geographical distances, with negligible downtime, transparently to running applications and external clients. A noteworthy data point indicates that a live VM was migrated between Amsterdam, NL and San Diego, USA with just 1–2 s of application downtime. When compared to intra-LAN local migrations, downtime is only about 5–10 times greater despite 1000 times higher round-trip times.

Keywords: Virtualization; Virtual machine; Lightpaths; Control planes; Optical networks

Article Outline

1. Introduction
2. Motivations for long-haul live migration
3. Long-haul live migration poses new requirements
4. The case for an integrated orchestration of CPU, data, and networks
5. The 2005 VM Turntable demonstrator
5.1. VM “Traffic Controller”
5.2. AAA
5.3. Token-based security
5.4. DRAC
5.5. Preservation of TCP and higher-level sessions
5.6. The Xen virtual environment
5.7. State stored on hard disk
6. Experimental results
6.1. Application-level—internal downtime measurement
6.2. Application-level—external downtime measurement
6.3. Network-level downtime measurement
6.4. Live vs. non-live ratio
7. Lessons learned at iGRID 2005
8. Conclusions and future work
Acknowledgements
References
Vitae



 
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