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Decision Support Systems
Volume 40, Issue 1, July 2005, Pages 89-105
Web services and process management
 
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doi:10.1016/j.dss.2004.04.006    How to Cite or Link Using DOI (Opens New Window)
Copyright © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Meta workflows as a control and coordination mechanism for exception handling in workflow systems

Akhil KumarCorresponding Author Contact Information, a, Corresponding Author Contact Information, E-mail The Corresponding Author and Jacques WainerE-mail The Corresponding Author, b

a Penn State University, 509 BAB Building, University Park, PA 16802, USA b Institute of Computing, State University of Campinas, Campinas, 13083-970, Sao Paulo, Brazil

Available online 2 June 2004.

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Abstract

A higher level control and coordination mechanism is required for exception handling in workflow systems. This paper describes such a framework based on events, states, and a new kind of process called a meta workflow. Meta workflows have five kinds of meta activities and facilitate control over base workflows. We describe the framework and illustrate it with examples to show its features. The paper gives an architecture for incorporating it into existing workflows and also provides a formal semantics of execution. This framework can be used in Web services, supply chains, and inter-organizational applications where coordination requirements are complex, and flexible and adaptable workflows are needed. It is also useful for handling not just failure recovery but also various kinds of special situations, which arise frequently in web-based applications.

Author Keywords: Workflow; Meta workflow; Coordination; Exception handling; Event-state-process (ESP) framework; WQM model; BPEL4WS

Article Outline

1. Introduction
2. Formal description
2.1. Workflow and workflow instances
2.2. Activities and state of activities
2.3. Events
2.4. ESP framework
2.5. Meta activities and meta workflows
2.6. State representation in ESP framework
3. Examples
3.1. Example 1
3.2. Example 2: workflow modification
3.3. Example 3: workflow cancellation
3.4. Example 4: change order—change an existing order
3.5. Discussion
4. Architecture and expressive power of ESP
4.1. Architecture
4.2. Expressive power of ESP
5. Discussion and related work
5.1. Related research on exceptions and events
5.2. Web services and BPEL4WS
5.3. ESP as a methodology
6. Conclusions
Acknowledgements
Appendix A. XML schema definition of base workflow (WFlow.xsd)
Appendix B. XML schema definition of ESP rules and meta workflows (MWFlow.xsd)
References
Vitae









Decision Support Systems
Volume 40, Issue 1, July 2005, Pages 89-105
Web services and process management
 
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