Commentary
Normalization and harm reduction: Research avenues and policy agendas

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Abstract

An affinity between the evidence and arguments for drug normalization and the policy and programme directions favoured by harm reduction is often assumed but seldom critically examined. This commentary looks at parallels and contradictions emerging with respect to different cultures, social settings, types of problems and responses where the match is less than perfect. Mounting evidence of normalization has also led to backlash in some countries and the mobilization of forces reaffirming prohibition. We call for further research on normalization that focuses on substance use, risks, harms, and social context across a broader spectrum of the population, and in a variety of cultures. By emphasizing the most serious harms experienced by persons in the smallest segments of drug using populations, harm reduction often has neglected broader research and policy suggestions that might be implemented to benefit controlled, recreational drug users. Future policy development with respect to normalization will require more research and more serious discussion of its implications for informing the transition toward a global public health approach to substance use.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no competing interests to disclose. Support to CAMH for salary of scientists and infrastructure has been provided by the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long Term Care. The views expressed in this Commentary do not necessarily reflect those of the Ministry of Health and Long Term Care.

Acknowledgements

We are grateful for the stimulation and input provided by the other investigators of the 4 province “Drug Normalization and Stigma” study: Mark Asbridge, Serge Brochu, Marie-Marthe Cousineau, Cameron Duff and David Marsh.

Partial support for this project has been provided by an operating grant from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada.

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