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Discrete Applied Mathematics
Volume 154, Issue 1, 1 January 2006, Pages 145-157
 
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doi:10.1016/j.dam.2005.07.001    How to Cite or Link Using DOI (Opens New Window)
Copyright © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Enumeration of perfect matchings of a type of Cartesian products of graphsstar, open

Weigen Yana, b, Corresponding Author Contact Information, E-mail The Corresponding Author and Fuji Zhangb

aSchool of Sciences, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, PR China bDepartment of Mathematics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China

Received 9 February 2004; 
accepted 1 July 2005. 
Available online 10 August 2005.

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Abstract

Let G be a graph and let Pm(G) denote the number of perfect matchings of G.

We denote the path with m vertices by Pm and the Cartesian product of graphs G and H by G×H. In this paper, as the continuance of our paper [W. Yan, F. Zhang, Enumeration of perfect matchings of graphs with reflective symmetry by Pfaffians, Adv. Appl. Math. 32 (2004) 175–188], we enumerate perfect matchings in a type of Cartesian products of graphs by the Pfaffian method, which was discovered by Kasteleyn. Here are some of our results:

1. Let T be a tree and let Cn denote the cycle with n vertices. Then Pm(C4×T)=∏(2+α2), where the product ranges over all eigenvalues α of T. Moreover, we prove that Pm(C4×T) is always a square or double a square.

2. Let T be a tree. Then Pm(P4×T)=∏(1+3α2+α4), where the product ranges over all non-negative eigenvalues α of T.

3. Let T be a tree with a perfect matching. Then Pm(P3×T)=∏(2+α2), where the product ranges over all positive eigenvalues α of T. Moreover, we prove that Pm(C4×T)=[Pm(P3×T)]2.

Keywords: Perfect matching; Pfaffian orientation; Skew adjacency matrix; Cartesian product; Bipartite graph; Nice cycle

Article Outline

1. Introduction
2. Enumeration of perfect matchings of C4×T
3. Enumeration of perfect matchings of P3×T and P4×T
Acknowledgements
References





Discrete Applied Mathematics
Volume 154, Issue 1, 1 January 2006, Pages 145-157
 
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