doi:10.1016/j.cplett.2007.09.074
Copyright © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Fluorescence of 1,8-naphthalimide: A PCM-TD-DFT investigation
Denis Jacquemina,
, 1,
, Eric A. Perpètea, 1, Giovanni Scalmanib, Michael J. Frischb, Ilaria Ciofinic and Carlo Adamoc,
, 
aLaboratoire de Chimie Théorique Appliquée, Groupe de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale, Facultés Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix, rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
bGaussian Inc., 340 Quinnipac Street, Building 40, Wallingford, CT 06492, USA
cEcole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, Laboratoire Electrochimie et Chimie Analytique, UMR CNRS-ENSCP no. 7575, 11, rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75321 Paris Cedex 05, France
Received 10 September 2007;
accepted 24 September 2007.
Available online 1 October 2007.
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Abstract
Using a TD-PBE0/6-311++G(2d,2p) approach, we compute the absorption and fluorescence spectra of 1,8-naphthalimide in both gas-phase and ethanol. It turns out that the imide moiety only plays a marginal role in the emission spectra which is mainly related to a modification of the carbon–carbon π bonding pattern. The computed fluorescence wavelength in ethanol (388 nm) is in very good agreement with the most recent measurement (384 nm). In addition, the adequacy of the CIS approach for computing the excited-state geometry is investigated together with the relevance of using smaller atomic basis sets.
Graphical abstract
With accurate ab intio tools, we investigate the absorption and fluorescence spectra of 1,8-naphthalimide in both gas-phase and ethanol.
Fig. 1. Sketch of the 1,8-naphthalimide with atomic labelling.
Fig. 2. HOMO (left) and LUMO (right) of N18 computed on the S1 geometry with the PCM(ethanol)-PBE0/6-311++G(2d,2p) scheme.
Table 1.
Longest π wavelength of maximal absorption
, in nm) and fluorescence
, in nm) determined for N18 with the TD-PBE0/6-311++G(2d,2p) approach

Table 2.
(TD-)PBE0/6-311++G(2d,2p) geometrical parameters of N18 (Fig. 1)

Bond lengths are in Å, valence angles in degrees.