Fig. 1. Specimen with ductile joint reinforcement.

Fig. 2. Specimen with non-ductile joint reinforcement.

Fig. 3. Type A strengthening system—use of composite overlays.

Fig. 4. Type B strengthening system—use of precured carbon plate.

Fig. 5. Strengthening Type A with GFRP/CFRP Sheets.

Fig. 6. Strengthening Type B.

Fig. 7. Experimental setup.

Fig. 8. Predefined displacement cycle applied to beam end.

Fig. 9. Load versus deflection for different non-ductile specimens.

Fig. 10. Load versus deflection envelope plots for ductile specimens.

Fig. 11. Stiffness versus deflection plots for ductile specimens.

Fig. 12. Energy dissipation versus displacement plots for ductile specimens.

Fig. 13. Failure patterns for ductile specimens.

Fig. 14. Load versus deflection for undamaged and rehabbed specimens.

Fig. 15. Load versus deflection envelope plots for rehabbed and undamaged specimen.

Fig. 16. Stiffness versus deflection plots for undamaged and rehabbed Specimens.

Fig. 17. Energy dissipation versus deflection plots for undamaged and rehabbed specimens.

Fig. 18. Load versus deflection for different non-ductile specimens.

Fig. 19. Load versus deflection envelope plots for non-ductile specimens.

Fig. 20. Stiffness versus deflection plots for non-ductile specimens.

Fig. 21. Energy dissipation versus displacement plots for non-ductile specimens.

Fig. 22. Failure patterns for non-ductile specimens.

Properties of materials

Test matrix for ductile specimen

Test matrix for non-ductile specimen

Yield points of ductile specimens

Ultimate points in ductile specimens

Yield points of undamaged and rehabilitated specimens

Ultimate points in undamaged and rehabilitated specimens

Test results for non-ductile specimens

Ultimate points in non-ductile specimens