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Computer Networks
Volume 50, Issue 18, 21 December 2006, Pages 3701-3720
 
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doi:10.1016/j.comnet.2006.04.005    How to Cite or Link Using DOI (Opens New Window)
Copyright © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

An efficient heuristic for selecting active nodes in wireless sensor networks

Flávia Delicatoa, b, d, Corresponding Author Contact Information, E-mail The Corresponding Author, Fábio Prottia, c, 1, E-mail The Corresponding Author, Luci Pirmeza, E-mail The Corresponding Author and José Ferreira de Rezendeb, d, 1, E-mail The Corresponding Author

aNúcleo de Computação Eletrônica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Caixa Postal 2324, CEP 20001-970 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil bGrupo de Teleinformática e Automação, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Caixa Postal 2324, CEP 20001-970 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil cInstituto de Matemática, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Caixa Postal 2324, CEP 20001-970 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil dPrograma de Engenharia Elétrica – COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Caixa Postal 2324, CEP 20001-970 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

Received 16 August 2005; 
revised 17 January 2006; 
accepted 24 April 2006. 
Responsible Editor: I.F. Akyilidiz. 
Available online 17 May 2006.

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Abstract

Energy saving is a paramount concern in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). A strategy for energy saving is to cleverly manage the duty cycle of sensors, by dynamically activating different sets of sensors while non-active nodes are kept in a power save mode. We propose a simple and efficient approach for selecting active nodes in WSNs. Our primary goal is to maximize residual energy and application relevance of selected nodes to extend the network lifetime while meeting application-specific QoS requirements. We formalize the problem of node selection as a knapsack problem and adopt a greedy heuristic for solving it. An environmental monitoring application is chosen to derive some specific requirements. Analyses and simulations were performed and the impact of various parameters on the process of node selection was investigated. Results show that our approach outperforms a naı¨ve scheme for node selection, achieving large energy savings while preserving QoS requirements.

Keywords: Management of wireless sensor networks; Knapsack problem

Article Outline

1. Introduction
2. Related works
3. Problem description and formulation
3.1. Energy constraints
3.2. Coverage and connectivity constraints
3.3. Including QoS profiles
4. Simulation models
4.1. Network model
4.2. Application model
4.3. Physical phenomenon model
5. Analysis of results
5.1. Simulation description
5.2. Analysis of the proposed scheme for active node selection
5.3. Adaptation policies
5.4. Using two knapsacks in the selection process
5.5. QoS profiles
5.6. Analyzing the impact of data losses
5.7. Analyzing the temporal variation of the physical phenomenon
5.8. Analyzing the impact of round duration
5.9. Comparison with a Naïve approach for node selection
5.10. Analysis of tradeoffs accuracy-lifetime
6. Towards a distributed approach
7. Conclusions
References
Vitae















Computer Networks
Volume 50, Issue 18, 21 December 2006, Pages 3701-3720
 
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