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Computer Networks
Volume 48, Issue 4, 15 July 2005, Pages 549-566
 
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doi:10.1016/j.comnet.2004.10.018    How to Cite or Link Using DOI (Opens New Window)
Copyright © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A study on the optimal time synchronization accuracy in wireless sensor networks

Qing YeCorresponding Author Contact Information, E-mail The Corresponding Author, E-mail The Corresponding Author, E-mail The Corresponding Author, Yuecheng ZhangE-mail The Corresponding Author and Liang ChengE-mail The Corresponding Author

Laboratory of Networking Group (LONGLAB), Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, 19 Memorial Drive West, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA

Received 18 September 2003; 
revised 21 June 2004; 
accepted 27 October 2004. 
Responsible Editor: N. Georganas. 
Available online 18 January 2005.

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Abstract

Time synchronization may play a key role in wireless sensor networks to meet real-time and energy-saving requirements and improve data-fusion and multiplexing efficiency. In this paper, under given constraints of hardware and mathematical models, we have studied performance limitations of the time synchronization for wireless sensor networks in terms of synchronization accuracy. First, sources of synchronization errors have been identified and a mathematical model has been introduced to analyze time synchronization schemes. Second, error distributions and the accuracy limitations have been formulated according to different error-source parameters. Third, a lightweight protocol is proposed, which is capable of approaching the performance limit as well as suppressing the communication overheads. Our idea is based on the observation that there is synchronization-error correlation between nodes receiving the same sequence of time-synchronization packets. Finally the theoretical analyses have been validated by simulation results.

Keywords: Time synchronization; Accuracy limitations; Wireless sensor networks

Article Outline

1. Introduction
2. Related works
3. Time synchronization errors and accuracy limitation
3.1. Time errors of a single node
3.2. Time errors between two networked nodes
3.3. Analysis model
3.4. PADR estimation
3.5. Error limitation analysis
4. LESSAR protocol
4.1. Level discovery
4.2. LESSAR algorithm in two adjacent levels
4.3. Adjuster selection in the overall network
4.4. Synchronization method and errors
5. Simulation results
6. Conclusion and future work
Acknowledgements
References
Vitae














Computer Networks
Volume 48, Issue 4, 15 July 2005, Pages 549-566
 
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