Abstract

The concentration of TL in Penaeus kerathurus muscle and cephalothorax was 1.03 ± 0.04 (75.9 ± 0.8% of which was PhL) and 2.36 ± 0.07% (45.5 ± 0.8% of which was PhL) of the wet tissue, respectively. The phosphatidylethanolamine represented 26.4 ± 0.6% (85.6% diacyl- and 14.4% alkyl-acyl- or alkenyl-acyl-analogues) of muscle and 24.7 ± 0.2% (90.7% diacyl- and 9.3% alkyl-acyl- or 1-alkenyl-acyl-analogues) of cephalothorax phospholipids while the phosphatidylcholine represented 57.1 ± 0.6% (86.9% diacyl- and 13.1% alkyl-acyl- or alkenyl-acyl-analogues) of muscle and 47.2 ± 0.4% (89.1% diacyl- and 10.9% alkyl-acyl- or 1-alkenyl-acyl-analogues) of cephalothorax phospholipids, respectively.

The main fatty acids of phosphatidylethanolamine were C16:0, C18:0, C18:1 ω − 9, C20:4 ω − 6, C20:5 ω − 3, C22:6 ω − 3 and of phosphatidylcholine were C16:0, C18:0, C18:1 ω − 9, C20:4 ω − 6, C20:5 ω − 3. Low percentages of 2-OH C14:0 and cyclo-17:0 fatty acids were also determined. Phosphatidylethanolamine were found to contain a significantly (P < 0.05) higher percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids compared to phosphatidylcholine. The ω − 3/ω − 6 ratio in muscle phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine was significantly (P < 0.05) higher to the ones of cephalothorax.

Keywords: P. kerathurus; Phospholipids; Phosphatidylcholine; Phosphatidylethanolamine; Fatty acids

Abbreviations: CL, cardiolipine; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid; EI, electron ionization; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; FA, fatty acids; FID, flame ionization detector; GC/MS, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry; HPTLC, high performance thin layer chromatography; LPC, lyso-phosphatidylcholine; LPE, lyso-phosphatidylethanolamine; MAH, mild alkakine hydrolysis; PC, phosphatidylcholine; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; PhL, phospholipids; PL, polar lipids; PS, phosphatidylserine; PI, phosphatidylinositol; PnL, phosphonolipids; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids; SFA, saturated fatty acids; Shm, sphingomyelin; SPE, solid phase extraction; TFA, total fatty acids; TLC, thin layer chromatography; TL, total lipids

Article Outline

1. Introduction

2. Experimental procedures

2.1. Reagents and standards

2.2. Sampling, sample preparation and total lipids extraction

2.3. Separation of polar from neutral lipids. Iatroscan analysis of polar lipids

2.4. High performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) of polar lipids and individual phospholipids

2.5. Separation of polar lipids by preparative TLC

2.6. Quantitative analysis of polar lipids and phospholipid components

2.7. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of fatty acid methyl esters

2.8. Schema of the experimental set up (procedure)

2.9. Statistical analysis

3. Results

3.1. Total and polar lipid content; polar lipid and their fatty acid composition of P. kerathurus muscle and cephalothorax

3.2. Fractionation of muscle and cephalothorax polar lipids by preparative TLC and determination of individual phospholipids and their bound fatty acid composition

4. Discussion

4.1. Lipid content

4.2. Polar- and phospholipid content

4.3. Fatty acids

4.4. Individual phospholipids

4.5. Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References