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Biosystems Engineering
Volume 88, Issue 4, August 2004, Pages 453-460
 
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doi:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2004.04.009    
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Copyright © 2004 Silsoe Research Institute Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Nutraceutical Concentrations within the Bran of Various Rice Kernel Thickness Fractions

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C.A Rohrera and T.J Siebenmorgena

aDepartment of Food Science, University of Arkansas, 2650 N Young Avenue, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA; e-mail of corresponding author: tsiebenm@uark.edu


Received 19 August 2003; 
accepted 13 April 2004. 
published online 25 June 2004. 
Available online 25 June 2004.

Abstract

Several important nutraceutical compounds, such as tocotrienols, tocopherols, and oryzanols, can be extracted from rice bran, a by-product of milling. This study was conducted to not only provide information regarding nutraceutical concentrations within the rice kernel based on bran collected from successive milling, but also to determine levels of nutraceutical concentrations across several different thickness fractions. Nutraceutical compounds were measured in the bran from two long-grain rice varieties, Cypress and Drew. Rough rice was separated into three thickness fractions (<1·84, 1·84–1·98, and >1·98 mm) and each fraction milled for three successive 10 s milling durations. Bran was collected from each milling duration of each thickness fraction to allow quantification of the nutraceutical content. Results showed that bran collected from rice milled for longer durations (30 s) had lower levels of tocotrienols and tocopherols compared to bran from shorter milling durations (10 s). The highest concentration of oryzanols was in the rice bran from the first 10 s milling duration. Overall, compared to bran from thinner kernels (<1·84 mm), the bran from thicker kernel fractions contained a higher content of nutraceuticals.

Article Outline

1. Introduction
2. Materials and methods
2.1. Sampling techniques
2.2. Lipid extraction for nutraceuticals
2.2.1. Chemicals and materials
2.2.2. Accelerated solvent extraction
2.3. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis
3. Results and discussion
3.1. Levels of nutraceuticals in bran fractions from three milling durations
3.1.1. Tocotrienol levels
3.1.2. Tocopherol levels
3.1.3. Oryzanol levels
3.2. Kernel thickness effects on nutraceutical concentrations
3.2.1. Tocotrienol levels
3.2.2. Tocopherol levels
3.2.3. Oryzanol levels
4. Conclusions
References

Biosystems Engineering
Volume 88, Issue 4, August 2004, Pages 453-460
 
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