Archival ReportEarly-Life Mental Disorders and Adult Household Income in the World Mental Health Surveys
Section snippets
Samples
The 22 countries include 6 classified by the World Bank as low/lower-middle (Colombia, India, Iraq, Nigeria, Peoples' Republic of China [PRC], and Ukraine), 5 upper-middle (Brazil, Bulgaria, Lebanon, Mexico, and Romania), and 11 higher (Belgium, Germany, Israel, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Northern Ireland, Portugal, Spain, and the United States) income countries (24). All surveys were based on probability samples of the adult household population either nationally representative
Prevalence of Early-Onset Mental Disorders
Previous WMH reports presented DSM-IV/CIDI disorder lifetime prevalence estimates (17, 36). As in those earlier reports, preliminary analyses found that lifetime prevalence of any early-onset DSM-IV/CIDI disorder is highest in high-income countries (21.5%), lowest in low/lower-middle income countries (11.7%), and intermediate in upper-middle income countries (17.1%). Disorder-specific prevalence estimates generally follow this same cross-national pattern. (Detailed prevalence estimates of
Discussion
Our results show that common early-onset mental disorders are strongly associated with low current household income after adjusting education but that this association is considerably stronger in high-income than upper-middle income countries and not significant at all in low/lower-middle income countries. It considering these differences, it is important to remember that “early onset” is defined as onset before completing education. Given that level of educational attainment varies with
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