Studies on the anti–diarrheal properties of leaf extract of Desmodium puchellum

doi:10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60129-X

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine

Volume 3, Issue 8, August 2013, Pages 639-643

https://doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60129-X Get rights and content

Abstract

Objective

To evaluate the pharmacological activity against diarrhea of methanol and petroleum ether extract of Desmodium puchellum (Family: Fabaceae) leaves.

Methods

The extract was evaluated for castor oil-induced diarrhea and enteropooling as well as intestinal motility in rats. Both of the extracts were given to the rats at 200 mg/kg orally. Loperamide was used as a standard drug for diarrhea.

Results

The diarrheal severity was reduced significantly (P<0.05) by methanol and petroleum ether extracts by 31.95% and 28.33%, respectively, whereas 54.75% inhibition was found for standard drug loperamide at 5 mg/kg. The two extracts also significantly (P<0.05) reduced the intestinal volume in case of castor oil induced enteropooling.

Conclusions

It is concluded that both fractions contain some biologically active ingredients that are active for anti-diarrheal actions whereas methanol fraction has better potential.

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Cited by (26)

Deciphering antidiarrheal effects of Meda pata (Litsea glutinosa (Lour.) C.B.Rob.) leaf extract in chemical-induced models of albino rats
2023, Journal of Ethnopharmacology
Diarrhea is one of the leading causes of preventable death in developing countries, mainly caused by bacterial infections and traditional therapies are very common in diarrheal incidences. Meda Pata (Litsea glutionsa) has a long history of use as traditional medicine for diarrhea, dysentery, and spasm in Bangladesh, India, and some other Asian countries.
This research reports the antidiarrheal effects of Meda Pata (Litsea glutinosa leaf extract, LGLEx) in animal models. The work has been supported by in silico molecular docking study to verify the effects.
The antidiarrheal effect of LGLEx was investigated in castor oil-induced diarrhea, magnesium sulfate-induced diarrhea, and gastrointestinal motility test models. Antidiarrheal effects were supported by a molecular docking study through an interaction between LGLEx's GC-MS analyzed imidazole-containing compounds and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (PDB: 4U14) and 5-HT3 receptor (PDB: 5AIN).
LGLEx potentially reduced the diarrheal incidences in in vivo assays reducing gastrointestinal motility. The maximum diarrheal inhibition was obtained in the castor oil-induced model (62.63%) and and BaSO₄-induced model (73.14%), which were statistically significant (P < 0.05) when compared to the reference drug loperamide. In the castor-oil and BaSO4-induced models, peristaltic movement was reduced by 25.96% and 32.17%, respectively. Biochemical markers particularly IgE, C-reactive proteins, and serum electrolytes were significantly (P < 0.0) restored in treated groups. A Molecular docking analysis revealed that two compounds (1-Ethyl-2-hydroxymethylimidazole and 1,6-Anhydro-beta-D-glucofuranose demonstrated the highest binding affinity with target receptors muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (PDB: 4U14) and 5-HT3 receptor (PDB: 5AIN) confirming their drug likeliness. The findings indicate a high potential antidiarrheal impact that warrants further investigation for its therapeutic application.
The underlying mechanisms of anti-hepatitis B effects of formula Le-Cao-Shi and its single herbs by network pharmacology and gut microbiota analysis
2022, Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy
Formula Le-Cao-Shi (LCS), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been used as folk remedy for treating hepatitis B for a long time. In our previous study, the anti-hepatitis B effects of LCS have been verified. In the present study, the anti-hepatitis B activities of LCS and its three single herbs were investigated in vitro by HepG2.2.15 cellular model, and the mechanisms against hepatitis B were deciphered via network pharmacology and gut microbiota analysis. By network pharmacology method, twelve key compounds that played a vital role in LCS were filtered from 213 ingredients. The targets RORA, CDK2, RELA, AKT1, IKBKG, PRKCβ and CASP3 were directly related to hepatitis B pathway, which indicated that LCS could exert anti-hepatitis B effect by co-regulating cell cycle and inflammatory pathways. The interactions between candidate compounds and target proteins that were directly involved in hepatitis B pathway were validated by molecular docking simulation and RT-PCR. By gut microbiota analysis, it was revealed that LCS could alter the disordered microbial composition in the infected ducks towards normal, especially the restoration of three key strains, namely Streptococcus alactolyticus, Enterococcus cecorum and Bacteroides fragilis. The above findings could provide a scientific basis for further development and utilization of LCS against hepatitis B.
Can black soldier fly Desmodium intortum larvae-based diets enhance the performance of Cobb500 broiler chickens and smallholder farmers' profit in Kenya?
2021, Poultry Science
Citation Excerpt :
No cases of toxicity have been reported thus far (Chadd et al., 2002; Govindarajan et al., 2003; Rastogi et al., 2011). Some species of Desmodium are currently being used in the herbal medicine industry to treat various conditions such as rheumatism, wounds, hemoptysis, etc. (Govindarajan et al., 2003; Al Hasan et al., 2011; Tsai et al., 2011; Rahman et al., 2013). Based on these scientific virtues, it was hypothesized that the integration of Desmodium and BSFL into chicken feed could substitute the protein component in FM and provide functional benefits to chickens (Al Hasan et al., 2011; Ma et al., 2011).
This study aimed to evaluate the performance of broiler chickens fed on 3 black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) (Hermetia illucens) and Greenleaf desmodium (Desmodium intortum)-based meals. We evaluated growth performance, carcass quality, and profitability under various commercial pathways (doorstep, retail, whole, and assorted). Desmodium and BSFL powders were formulated into 3 ratios: T1 25:75, T2 50:50, and T3 75:25. A commercial feed was used as a control. One hundred and twenty mixed-sex 1-day-old broiler chicks (Cobb) were reared in pens for 42 d in a completely randomized design. The chickens were weighed weekly to monitor their growth rate. After the 42-day rearing period, they were slaughtered for carcass quality evaluation and recording of the weights of internal organs. During the initial growth phase (7–21 d), significant effects of fish meal replacement were found on the chickens' average weight (P < 0.001), average daily body weight gain (P < 0.001), average daily feed intake (P < 0.001), and feed conversion ratio (P < 0.001). However, during the second phase (21–42 d), no significant effect of the replacement was detected except on average daily feed intake (P = 0.003). No significant differences were found in terms of the relative weights of internal organs. It was found that Desmodium-BSFL-based feeds were more profitable than the control feed, and the assorted and retail modes of sale generated more revenue compared to when the chickens were sold at doorstep and on whole-chicken basis. The return on investment was higher for a push-pull adopter compared to a non-adopter. The study found that a BSFL-Desmodium mixture can be a valuable replacement for the protein component in conventional feed and would provide a new impetus for the adoption of push-pull.
Plants for management of diarrhea
2021, Phytochemistry, the Military and Health: Phytotoxins and Natural Defenses
Diarrhea remains one of the serious threats to global health. Developing countries are the most stricken as they continue to struggle with the economic burden associated with accessing quality health care as well as access to clean water and sanitation. The situation is even made worse in the military. All the same, medicinal plants that are abundant in developing countries avail vivid alternatives to the management of diarrheal diseases. Rich in phytochemicals that are active in the management of diarrhea at different phases, medicinal plants offer a cheaper and more accessible form of therapy. Exploration of the different methods of preparation, elucidation of structures of active molecules together with their mechanism of action, guarantees their potentials as remedies for the troops, refugees, and persons in areas of conflicts.
Effects of traditional Chinese medicine formula Le-Cao-Shi on hepatitis B: In vivo and in vitro studies
2019, Journal of Ethnopharmacology
Formula Le-Cao-Shi (LCS) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which has long been used as a folk remedy against hepatitis B in China. The present study was conducted to evaluate the anti-hepatitis B effects of aqueous extract of LCS in vivo and in vitro.
we investigated the anti-HBV effects of LCS in vivo and in vitro with duck hepatitis B model and HepG2.2.15 cell line model, respectively. The serologic and cellular biomarkers and the histopathological changes were examined.
By a duck hepatitis B model, the extract of LCS was found to restrain the expressions of duck hepatitis B surface antigen (DHBsAg), hepatitis B e antigen (DHBeAg), and HBV-DNA (DHBV-DNA). Moreover, LCS could decrease the levels of aspartate and alanine aminotransferases (AST and ALT) and ameliorate duck liver histological lesions. Correspondingly, in a HepG2.2.15 cellular model, LCS could also significantly inhibit the secretions of HBsAg and HBeAg.
LCS exerted potent anti-hepatitis effects against the infection of HBV. The above results demonstrated the first-hand experimental evidences for the anti-hepatitis B efficiency of LCS. Our study provides a basis for further exploration and development of this promising compound prescription to treat hepatitis B disease.
Evaluation of α-amylase, lipase inhibition and in-vivo pharmacological activities of Eucalyptus camaladulensis Dehnh leaf extract
2019, Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine
In this present study, phytochemical screening, anti-ulcer assay, anti-diarrhea assay, anti-inflammatory assay, analgesic assay, lipase activity assay, amylase activity assay and the anti-bacterial activity of Eucalyptus camaladulensis Dehnh leaf extracted with methanol and 50% ethanol was analyzed for biological significance. Physical characterization of the non-volatile component revealed the higher yield of 16.92% in 50% ethanol expediting the use of 50% ethanol as a better alternative. Further use of crude extract revealed 33.89% (IC₅₀ = 1.44 mg/ml) of α-amylase inhibition by methanol extract and 33.87% (IC₅₀ = 3.21 mg/ml) lipase inhibition by 50% ethanol extract. Furthermore, 44.44% protective ratio towards ulcer was observed with the methanol extract, whereas 54.58% anti-inflammatory activity was shown by the 50% ethanol extract. The effectiveness of the extract was further enhanced by the presence of 62.54% motility and best analgesic property at 180 min of the exposure of the extract orally. The antioxidant activity of crude methanol extract revealed an IC₅₀ value 601.8 μg/ml whereas, ethanol extract showed 1279.58 μg/ml in DPPH assay. Result revealed several health benefits of E. camaldulensis Dehnh leaf.

View all citing articles on Scopus

Available online 28 Aug 2013

Foundation Project: Financially supported by the Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Chittagong (Grant No. 1217).

Peer reviewer Dr. M. Ashik Mosaddik, Professor, Departmentof Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh. Tel: 88-019-2226-3400, E-mail: [email protected]

Comments This is an interesting study that describes a functional characterization of D. puchellum leaves extracts. Study presented is scientifically sound. The results are explained in a constructive way by providing the suitable references. Overall, the methanol extract of leaves showed good anti–diarrhoeal activity than petroleum ether extract. So this will be helpful for new anti–diarrhoeal drugs exploration in the future.

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine

Abstract

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

References (26)

Study of antidiarrhoeal activity of four medicinal plants in castor-oil induced diarrhoea

J Ethnopharmacol

Antidiarrhoeal activity of the methanol extract of the barks of Xylocarpus moluccensis in castor oil- and magnesium sulphate induced diarrhoea models in mice

J Ethnopharmacol

Enteropooling assay, a test for diarrhea produced by prostaglandins

Prostagladins

Studies on the digestion, absorption and metabolism of castor oil

Biochem Pharmacol

Chronic diarrhoeal: A review of pathophyysiology and management for the clinical gastroenterologist

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Anti-diarrheal activity of methanolic extract of Moringa oleifera Lam roots in experimental animal models

Int J Pharm Res

Evaluation of the antidiarrhoeal effect of Lannea welwitschii Hiern (Anacardiaceae) bark extract

Afr J Pharm Pharmacol

Ethnomedicinal plants used for diarrhea by tribals of Meghalaya, Northeast India

Pharmacogn Rev

Newer insights into the mechanism of action of Psidium guajava L. leaves in infectious diarrhoea

BMC Complement Altern Med

Beggar-Lice. [Online]

Antidiarrhea activity of the aqueous extract of Punica granatum (Pomegranate) peels

Pharmaceut Biol

Cited by (26)

Deciphering antidiarrheal effects of Meda pata (Litsea glutinosa (Lour.) C.B.Rob.) leaf extract in chemical-induced models of albino rats

The underlying mechanisms of anti-hepatitis B effects of formula Le-Cao-Shi and its single herbs by network pharmacology and gut microbiota analysis

Can black soldier fly Desmodium intortum larvae-based diets enhance the performance of Cobb500 broiler chickens and smallholder farmers' profit in Kenya?

Plants for management of diarrhea

Effects of traditional Chinese medicine formula Le-Cao-Shi on hepatitis B: In vivo and in vitro studies

Evaluation of α-amylase, lipase inhibition and in-vivo pharmacological activities of Eucalyptus camaladulensis Dehnh leaf extract

Document headingStudies on the anti–diarrheal properties of leaf extract of Desmodium puchellum

Abstract

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

J Ethnopharmacol

J Ethnopharmacol

Prostagladins

Biochem Pharmacol

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Anti-diarrheal activity of methanolic extract of Moringa oleifera Lam roots in experimental animal models

Int J Pharm Res

Evaluation of the antidiarrhoeal effect of Lannea welwitschii Hiern (Anacardiaceae) bark extract

Afr J Pharm Pharmacol

Ethnomedicinal plants used for diarrhea by tribals of Meghalaya, Northeast India

Pharmacogn Rev

Newer insights into the mechanism of action of Psidium guajava L. leaves in infectious diarrhoea

BMC Complement Altern Med

Beggar-Lice. [Online]

Antidiarrhea activity of the aqueous extract of Punica granatum (Pomegranate) peels

Pharmaceut Biol

Document heading
Studies on the anti–diarrheal properties of leaf extract of Desmodium puchellum