Positive selection of thymocytes bearing αβ T cell receptors
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Cited by (104)
Role of thymic cortex-specific self-peptides in positive selection of T cells
2010, Seminars in ImmunologyCitation Excerpt :It can therefore be assumed that positive selection may simply enrich thymocytes that succeed in expressing surface TCR, which are generically MHC-reactive and therefore capable of receiving weak signals of low-avidity TCR engagement in the thymus. It is further proposed that rather than positive selection, it is the subsequent negative selection that establishes the MHC-restriction specificity and the peptide specificity of the peripheral T cell repertoire [31–34]. However, it is also possible that even though the germline TCR repertoire is inherently MHC-reactive, positive selection may enrich T cell repertoire that is specifically useful for the body with given MHC polymorphisms.
Improved transplantation outcome by epigenetic changes
2010, Transplant ImmunologyCitation Excerpt :They then patrol the body until their receptor binds to the antigen in question, which is presented by MHC proteins on the cell surface [1]. Based on this interaction, T cells proliferate and differentiate [2]. In addition to the protein-derived antigens important in antigen presentation, there are manifold so-called danger signals: heat-shock proteins, nucleotides, interferons and reactive oxygen species all induce immune responses without previous activation of antigen-presenting cells [3–5].
Thymoproteasome Shapes Immunocompetent Repertoire of CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cells
2010, ImmunityCitation Excerpt :It was also shown that a single MHC-peptide ligand identified in B lymphoma cells could induce positive selection of a diverse repertoire of T cells (Ignatowicz et al., 1996; Fukui et al., 1997). Based on these results, along with the structural analysis of TCR-MHC-peptide interactions, it is proposed that the specificity of TCR for peptides is not demanding during positive selection and that rather than positive selection, it is the subsequent negative selection that establishes the MHC-restriction specificity and the peptide specificity of peripheral T cells (Marrack and Kappler, 1997; Huseby et al., 2005; Dai et al., 2008; Huseby et al., 2008). However, those T cells generated in mice expressing single MHC-peptide ligands show markedly reduced cellularity and an unusual TCR repertoire that occasionally causes autoimmunity (Ignatowicz et al., 1996; Huseby et al., 2005; Oono et al., 2001).
Biology of Dendritic Cells
2007, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Companion to RheumatologyEndogenous TLR Ligands and Autoimmunity
2006, Advances in ImmunologyCitation Excerpt :Primary cytokines, such as IL‐12, can also prime cells for the production of secondary cytokines, an example being interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) production by IL‐12‐primed NK cells challenged with CpG‐DNA (Sivori et al., 2004). The thymus anlage continuously produces thymocytes expressing newly, at random‐assembled TCRs out of which high‐affinity autoreactive thymocytes become deleted on encountering self‐major histocompatibility complex (MHC) peptides (Marrack and Kappler, 1997; Sprent and Kishimoto, 2002). Since thymic (central) purging of autoreactive T cells is insufficient, peripheral tolerance mechanisms operate in addition, an example being induction/maintenance of reg T cells (Bluestone and Abbas, 2003; Sakaguchi et al., 2001).