Copyright © 2003 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.
Quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator in an ultracold gas of atoms
Available online 8 March 2003.
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Abstract
A quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulating ground state was observed in a Bose–Einstein condensate stored in a three-dimensional optical lattice potential. With this experiment a new field of physics with ultracold atomic quantum gases is entered. Now interactions between atoms dominate the behavior of the many-body system, such that it cannot be described by the usual theories for weakly interacting Bose gases anymore.
Author Keywords: Mott insulator; Quantum phase transition; Bose–Einstein condensate







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