Triterpenoid saponins and other glycosides from Buddleja scordioides

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Subject and source

Buddleja scordioides HBK., Buddlejaceae (Hutchinson, 1973, p. 463) is a shrub from the Chihuahuan desert of northern Mexico and western Texas.

The aerial parts of B. scordioides were collected in Dr. Arroyo Nuevo León, Mexico, in November 1998. A voucher specimen was deposited in Izta Herbarium of the UNAM Campus Iztacala (Izta 26140).

Previous work

Previous phytochemical investigations on Buddleja led to isolation of flavonoids (Arciniegas, Avendaño, Pérez-Castorena and Romo de Vivar, 1997, Harborne and Williams, 1971), iridoids (Duff et al., 1965), phenylpropanoids (Houghton, 1984), sesquiterpenes (Yoshida, Nobuhara, Uchida and Okuda, 1976, Yoshida, Nobuhara, Uchida and Okuda, 1978a, Yoshida, Nobuhara, Uchida and Okuda, 1978b) and saponins (Ding, Yahara and Nohara, 1992, Emam, Moussa, Faure, Elias and Balansard, 1997, Yamamoto, Miyase,

Extraction and isolation procedure

Dried and ground aerial parts of B. scordioides (2000 g) were extracted successively with hexane, EtOAc and MeOH. The MeOH solution was concentrated at reduced pressure to yield 303 g of residue (15.15%). This was applied to a silica gel column and eluted with CH2Cl2, CH2Cl2–MeOH 9:1, CH2Cl2–MeOH 3:2 and MeOH. The CH2Cl2–MeOH (9:1 and 3:2) fractions afforded O-methylcatalpol (Duff et al., 1965), verbascoside and linarin (Arciniegas et al., 1997). Syringin (1), which was identified by its

Chemotaxonomic significance

Although the oleanane glycosides have been found in three different Buddleja species, this is the first report of their presence in an American Buddleja species.

Phenylpropanoids such as verbascoside are common constituents of Buddleja species; nevertheless, this is the first time that syringin has been isolated from a Buddleja.

Acknowledgements

We thank Luis Velazco, Javier Pérez, Isabel Chávez, Alejandrina Acosta, Carmen Márquez and Rocío Patiño for their technical assistance. We are grateful to María Edith López for identification of the plant. This work was partially financed by DGAPA- UNAM (grant IN-210197).

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