Masticatory muscle transposition in primates: Effects on craniofacial growth

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Summary

The effects of early transposition of the masticatory muscles on the craniofacial growth and development of infant primates are documented with the aid of serial cephalometry, EMG's, and dry-skull preparations.

The bilateral posterior transposition of the insertion of the masseter and temporalis muscles was followed by a significant superior and anterior rotation of the mid-facial growth pattern as well as by marked skeletal morphological changes.

The study documents the ability to change skeletal craniofacial growth patterns by altering muscle attachments.

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Cited by (30)

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    At T1, as the muscles have been detached, it is not surprising that muscle activity is reduced (due to the detachment of the muscle). In primates, masticatory muscle detachment and temporalis muscle transposition result in a transient reduction in muscle activity.14 Detached jaw muscle without subsequent reattachment has been found to shorten spontaneously, and frequently reattaches at a shorter length.15

  • How Does a Unilateral Temporomandibular Joint Replacement Affect Bilateral Masseter and Temporalis Muscle Activity?—A Prospective Study

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    Several authors postulate that after mandibular angle osteotomy, a detached MM undergoes significant atrophy with a decrease of its volume.9-11 No signs of atrophy were found in a masticatory muscle dissection without ostectomy.10,12,13 In any case, the reaction of the synergistic musculature to the loss of a muscle function seems to result in immediate compensation.14

  • Biomineralization and adaptive plasticity of the temporomandibular joint in myostatin knockout mice

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    This suggests that external proportions may not be the most appropriate level at which to detect and evaluate adaptive plasticity of masticatory elements. The size of a bony muscle attachment site is affected by the strength of the muscle,38–40 the direction of the muscle force relative to the surface of the bone,41–43 and frequency of muscle use.44 Myostatin knockout mice produce relatively greater bite forces25 and possess larger masseter (Table 1) and temporalis25 muscles.

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Supported in part by N.I.H. Grants DE00478 and DE00040 and part by N.I.H. Grant RR00166 to the Regional Primate Research Center, University of Washington.

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Prof. T. H. Hohl, D.D.S. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery SB-24 University of Washington Seattle/Wa 98195, USA

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