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Speech Communication
Volume 22, Issues 2-3, August 1997, Pages 251-267
 
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doi:10.1016/S0167-6393(97)00025-3    How to Cite or Link Using DOI (Opens New Window)
Copyright © 1997 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Learning to speak. Sensori-motor control of speech movements*1

Gérard BaillyCorresponding Author Contact Information, E-mail The Corresponding Author, 2

Institut de la Communication Parlée, INPG & Université Stendhal, 46, avenue Félix Viallet, 38031, Grenoble Cedex 1, France

Received 4 October 1996; 
Revised 14 May 1997; 
accepted 24 May 1997. 
Available online 12 May 1998.

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Abstract

This paper shows how an articulatory model, able to produce acoustic signals from articulatory motion, can learn to speak i.e. coordinate its movements in such a way that it utters meaningful sequences of sounds belonging to a given language. This complex learning procedure is accomplished in four major steps: (a) a babbling phase, where the device builds up a model of the forward transforms i.e. the articulatory-to-audio-visual mapping; (b) an imitation stage, where it tries to reproduce a limited set of sound sequences by audio-visual-to-articulatory inversion; (c) a “shaping” stage, where phonemes are associated with the most efficient available sensori-motor representation; and finally, (d) a “rhythmic” phase, where it learns the appropriate coordination of the activations of these sensori-motor targets.

Résumé

Cet article montre comment un modèle articulatoire, doté de la capacité de produire des sons à partir des déplacements de ses articulateurs, peut apprendre à parler, c'est-à-dire à coordonner ses mouvements de telle manière qu'ils produisent des séquences de sons appartenant à un langage donné. Cet apprentissage complexe est accompli en quatre phases: (a) une phase de babillage, où le modèle construit une copie interne des tranformations directes, c'est-à-dire la transformation articulo-audio-visuelle; (b) une phase d'imitation, où il cherche à reproduire un jeu limité de séquences sonores par inversion; (c) une phase de construction de représentation, où il se dote de prototypes sensori-moteurs des cibles caractéristiques des sons du langage; et (d) une phase “rythmique”, où il apprend les coordinations nécessaires entre les activations de ces représentations.

Author Keywords: Speech sound acquisition; Speech production; Coarticulation; Acoustic-to-articulatory inversion; Motor control

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Speech Communication
Volume 22, Issues 2-3, August 1997, Pages 251-267
 
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