There is much discussion about the building of a Public Key Infrastructure [PKI], probably global, to enable electronic commerce and enable secure communication among citizens of the Internet. This discussion has been going on in one form or another for over 20 years. Early PKI work made assumptions that have since been shown to be invalid but most current PKI efforts have not stopped to review the underlying assumptions and re-design accordingly. This paper questions those underlying assumptions, suggests workable alternative assumptions and presents elements of a public key certification structure appropriate to the new assumptions.