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doi:10.1016/S0166-5316(03)00104-4 
Copyright © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Modeling frame-level errors in GSM wireless channels
Available online 14 August 2003.
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Abstract
We compare four different approaches to modeling frame-level errors in GSM channels. One of these, the Markov-based Trace Analysis (MTA) model, was developed explicitly for this purpose. The next two, kth-order Markov models and hidden Markov models (HMMs), have been widely used to model loss in wired networks. All three of these have difficulty in modeling empirical GSM frame-level error traces. The MTA model and HMM predict frame-error rates substantially different from that measured from the trace, and all three models have difficulty in capturing the long term temporal correlation structure. We propose a fourth model, the extended On/Off model, which alternates between an On (error-free) and an Off (error-filled) state. The state holding times are taken from mixtures of geometric distributions. We show that this model, with mixtures of 4–7 geometric distributions captures first- and second-order statistics significantly better than the preceding three approaches.
Author Keywords: Markov-based Trace Analysis; On/Off model; Frame-level errors
Article Outline
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Modeling GSM channels
- 3. Three models for predicting frame-error performance measures
- 4. Deriving the performance metrics from a Markov model
- 5. The extended On/Off model
- 5.1. Cross-correlation of the error and error-free bursts
- 5.2. Fitting mixture geometric distributions to the On and Off-period
- 5.3. Using EM algorithm to estimate model parameters
- 6. Evaluation results of the extended On/Off model
- 7. Conclusion
- References
