The association of cardiovascular disease with the long-term incidence of age-related maculopathy: The beaver dam eye study☆
Section snippets
Population
Methods used to identify and describe this population have appeared in previous articles.19, 20, 21, 22, 23 In brief, a private census of the population of Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, was performed from September 15, 1987 to May 4, 1988 to identify all residents in the city or township of Beaver Dam who were 43 to 84 years of age. Of the 5924 eligible individuals, 4926 participated in the baseline examination between March 1, 1988 and September 14, 1990.19 Ninety-nine percent of the population was
Results
Mean systolic blood pressure (124.3 vs. 140.0 mmHg), pulse pressure (44.5 vs. 67.4 mmHg), serum total cholesterol (225.1 vs. 237.3 mg/dl), and glycosylated hemoglobin (5.7% vs. 6.0%) increased with age (43–54 years vs. ≥75 years), whereas diastolic blood pressure (79.7 vs. 72.6 mmHg) and pulse rate (38.4 vs. 37.7 beats/30 seconds) decreased with age. There was no relationship of either serum HDL cholesterol or hematocrit with age. The prevalence of hypertension (22.2% vs. 52.1%), myocardial
Discussion
Data from the 10-year incidence study in Beaver Dam showed that when other factors were controlled for, persons with previously diagnosed, treated, and controlled hypertension at baseline were approximately twice as likely, and persons with treated and uncontrolled hypertension were approximately thrice as likely, to develop exudative macular degeneration than persons who were normotensive. These findings are consistent with data from a number of studies.5, 36, 37, 38 In a large case-controlled
Acknowledgements
The authors thank the Beaver Dam Scientific Advisory Board (Drs. Mae Gordon, Lee Jampol, Mary Frances Cotch, Natalie Kurinij, Daniel Seigel, and Robert Wallace) and Drs. George Davis, Alan Ehrhardt, and Thomas Castillo for their contributions.
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Manuscript no. 220059.
Supported by the National Institutes of Health (grant no.: EY06594) (RK, BEKK), Bethesda, Maryland, and, in part, by the Research to Prevent Blindness (RK, Senior Scientific Investigator Award), New York, New York.