ReviewMalignant hematopoietic cell lines: in vitro models for the study of multiple myeloma and plasma cell leukemia
Section snippets
Multiple myeloma
Multiple myeloma (MM) and the rare plasmacytoma (PCT)/plasma cell leukemia (PCL) are B-cell neoplasias characterized by the clonal expansion and accumulation of malignant plasma cells starting initially in the bone marrow. Clinically, these diseases are generally progressive, fatal and thus far except for bone marrow or stem cell transplantation incurable. Clinical manifestations include pancytopenia, hyperproteinemia, renal dysfunction, bone lesions, and immunodeficiency. Although the cause of
Malignant hematopoietic cell lines derived from MM
As experimental model systems, continuous cell lines constitute an invaluable resource for the laboratory investigation of neoplastic diseases [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27]. Screening the literature, we found that 112 MM cell lines had been established (not counting simultaneous or serial sister cell lines or subclones). A large panel of these cell lines has been well characterized and described (Table 1). However, the majority of these cell lines are insufficiently or
MM cell lines versus EBV+ B-LCLs
Continuous cell lines have been established from a range of human lymphoid neoplasias, but the cells of the most differentiated lymphoid malignancy, the plasma cell dyscrasias, seem to be the most difficult of human cells to maintain in continuous culture. Despite some unconfirmed and presumably non-reproducible reports on the high incidence of MM cell line establishment, the success rate of growing MM cell lines in continuous culture is rather low (Table 6).
Some putative MM cell lines have had
Conclusions
A distinguishing property of MM cell lines is that instead of undergoing apoptosis, they proliferate continuously in culture as developmentally arrested malignant cells. This feature makes MM cell lines ideally suited for genetic and cell biological studies. But overall, the enormous value to biological research of cell lines that can be continuously cultured in vitro needs no emphasis. Some controversy exists, however, for tumor-derived cell lines with regard to the extent to which
Acknowledgements
Both authors contributed equally to the concept, design and drafting of the article.
References (123)
- et al.
Biological aspects of multiple myeloma
Baillière’s Clin. Haematol.
(1995) - et al.
Interleukin-6 in human multiple myeloma
Blood
(1995) - et al.
Multiple myeloma: increasing evidence for a multistep transformation process
Blood
(1998) Leukemia cell lines: in vitro models for the study of chronic myeloid leukemia
Leuk. Res.
(1994)- et al.
Leukemia cell lines: in vitro models for the study of acute promyelocytic leukemia
Leuk. Res.
(1995) - et al.
Establishment and characterization of human B-cell precursor-leukemia cell lines
Leuk. Res.
(1998) - et al.
Cytogenetic and biological characterization of two new human plasma cell lines
Cancer Genet. Cytogenet.
(1987) - et al.
Human plasmacytoma with an unusual karyotype growing in vitro and producing light-chain immunoglobulin
Lancet
(1982) - et al.
Establishment of two new myeloma cell lines from bilateral pleural effusions: evidence for sequential in vivo clonal change
Blood
(1985) - et al.
Myelomonocytic myeloma cell line (LB 84-1)
Blood
(1989)
The human myeloma cell line LP-1: a versatile model in which to study early plasma-cell differentiation and c-myc activation
Blood
Establishment and characterization of a human plasma cell myeloma culture having a rearranged cellular myc proto-oncogene
Blood
Reproducible obtaining of human myeloma cell lines as a model for tumor cell study in human multiple myeloma
Blood
Interleukin-6 prevents dexamethasone-induced myeloma cell death
Blood
Phenotyic and functional analysis of B-cell lines from patients with multiple myeloma
Blood
Myeloma cells express Fas antigen/APO-1 (CD95) but only some are sensitive to anti-Fas antibody resulting in apoptosis
Blood
Deletions and rearrangements of CDKN2 in lymphoid malignancy
Blood
Establishment and characterization of an amylase-producing human myeloma cell line
Blood
A novel membrane antigen selectively expressed on terminally differentiated human B-cells
Blood
Homozygous loss of the cyclin-dependent kinase 4-inhibitor (p16) gene in human leukemias
Blood
Phenotypic analysis of human myeloma cell lines
Blood
Dysregulation of cyclin D1 by translocation into an IgH gamma switch region in two multiple myeloma cell lines
Blood
Role of interleukin-6 in the proliferation of human multiple myeloma cell lines OCI-My1 to 7 established from patients with advanced stage of the disease
Blood
Interleukin-6 is the central tumor growth factor in vitro and in vivo in multiple myeloma
Eur. Cytokine Net.
Bone marrow microenvironment and the progression of multiple myeloma
Leuk. Lymph.
Biology and treatment of multiple myeloma
Curr. Opin. Oncol.
The involvement of adhesion molecules in the biology of multiple myeloma
Leuk. Lymph.
Multiple myeloma: recent developments in molecular and cellular biology
Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol.
Circulating clonotypic B-cells in the biology of multiple myeloma: Speculations on the origin of myeloma
Leuk. Lymph.
The role of adhesion molecules in multiple myeloma
Acta Haematol.
Multiple myeloma: prognosis and standard treatment
Cancer Invest.
Multiple myeloma: clinical evaluation of plasma cell lymphoproliferative disorders and initial management
Semin. Hematol.
On the role and significance of Fas (Apo-1/CD95) ligand (FasL) expression in immune privileged tissues and cancer cells using multiple myeloma as a model
Leuk. Lymph.
Treatment of multiple myeloma
Haematologica
Human B-lymphoid cell lines
Human Cell.
The control of growth in human multiple myeloma cell lines
Production of free light chains of immunoglobulin by a hematopoietic cell line derived from a patient with multiple myeloma
Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med.
Established immunoglobulin producing myeloma (IgE) and lymphoblastoid (IgG) cell lines from an IgE myeloma patient
Clin. Exp. Immunol.
Interleukins and colony stimulating factors in human myeloid leukemia cell lines
Leuk. Lymph.
Cytokine response profiles of human myeloid factor-dependent leukemia cell lines
Leukemia
Review of alterations of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor INK4 family genes p15, p16, p18 and p19 in human leukemia-lymphoma cells
Leukemia
Lymphoma cell lines: In vitro models for the study of HHV-8+ primary effusion lymphomas (body cavity-based lymphomas)
Leukemia
Leukemia cell lines: in vitro models for the study of Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemia
Leuk. Res.
Establishment of a CD4-positive plasmacytoma cell line (AMO1)
Leukemia
Coexistence of aneuploid subclones within a myeloma cell line that exhibits clonal immmunoglobulin gene rearrangement: clinical implications
Cancer Res.
IgD myeloma presenting as a testicular tumor: establishment and characterization of an IgD-secreting myeloma cell line
Am. J. Hematol.
A novel mature B-cell line (DOBIL-6) producing both parathyroid hormone-related protein and interleukin-6 from a myeloma patient presenting with hypercalcaemia
Br. J. Haematol.
Establishment and characterization of three myeloma cell lines that demonstrate variable cytokine responses and abilities to produce autocrine interleukin-6
Leukemia
Characterization of a new IgG lambda myeloma plasma cell line (EJM): a further tool in the investigation of the biology of multiple myeloma
Br. J. Haematol.
Cited by (90)
Multiple myeloma cells depend on the DDI2/NRF1-mediated proteasome stress response for survival
2022, Blood AdvancesCitation Excerpt :Beyond their distinct response to PI, these cell lines are characterized by different genetic backgrounds. KMS20 carries a G12S homozygous mutation in KRAS and a Y126X homozygous mutation in TP53; H929 is characterized by t(11;14), a G13D heterozygous mutation in NRAS, and TP53 WT status; and AMO1 harbors a t(12;14) heterozygous A146T KRAS mutation and WT TP53.27 By using isogenic DDI2-KO AMO1-VR cells, we showed that DDI2 loss abrogates NRF1 cleavage and nuclear localization and significantly reduces proteasome subunit biogenesis in baseline conditions and upon proteasomal inhibition, as well as recovery of proteasome activity following PI treatment.
A blueprint from nature: miRNome comparison of plasma cells and CHO cells to optimize therapeutic antibody production
2022, New BiotechnologyCitation Excerpt :Due to this limitation, PCD cell lines derived from a multiple myeloma, were used as a model system to supply sufficient cell material for comparative analysis. To reduce species-dependent as well as tumor phenotype-biased false positive results, two murine and two human PCD cell lines were selected based on their endogenous expression of key PC transcription factors BLIMP1, IRF4 and XBP1, as well as absence of viral infections such as mousepox or Epstein-Barr virus, IL-6 growth-independency and public availability [39,42,50,51]. To verify the PC-like phenotype, the resulting 147 miRNAs with the highest expression fold changes were compared to published miRNA expression studies of normal and malignant PCs.
The aspartyl protease DDI2 drives adaptation to proteasome inhibition in multiple myeloma
2022, Cell Death and DiseaseIgA Monoclonal Gammopathy with Pseudohyperphosphatemia
2022, Indian Journal of Clinical BiochemistryThe role of nkl homeobox genes in t-cell malignancies
2021, Biomedicines