Chapter 5 The Cleaved-Couple-Cavity (C3) Laser

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This chapter presents the temporal-spectral behavior of the first, practical, electronically controllable, tunable, single-frequency semiconductor laser, the newly developed cleaved-coupled-cavity (C3) laser, and its various applications. These applications include ultrahigh-capacity and very long-distance pulse-coded-modulation - intensity-modulation lightwave transmission systems; multilevel, multichannel frequency shift keying (FSK); high-speed and high-capacity optical switching and routing systems; enhanced analog frequency modulation with negligible spurious intensity modulation; and wideband FSK using spectral bistability. A fabrication technique for forming a new self-aligned coupled-cavity semiconductor laser is described in the chapter. Unlike prior techniques, this technique is compatible with the present processing employed in mass production. The new C3 semiconductor laser has two standard Fabry-Perot cavity diodes separated by < 5 μm and has active stripes precisely aligned with respect to one another.

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