Abnormal neutrophils in acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome

doi:10.1016/S0046-8177(88)80496-9

Human Pathology

Volume 19, Issue 4, April 1988, Pages 454-459

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0046-8177(88)80496-9 Get rights and content

Neutrophils and band forms from patients with acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome were stained for the presence of myeloperoxidase using a cytochemical method (diaminobenzidine/hydrogen peroxide) and the alkaline phosphatase—anti-alkaline phosphatase immunocytochemical procedure (using monoclonal anti-myeloperoxidase). Neutrophils and bands were also stained for elastase and lactoferrin using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, respectively. Subpopulations of neutrophils and bands from cases of acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplasia exhibited a qualitative and/or quantitative deficiency in myeloperoxidase. In addition, a quantitative decrease in elastase and/or lactoferrin staining was detected. Thus, neutrophils and bands from patients with acute myoloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome have a defect in one or more of the constituents of primary and/or secondary granules. These defects are consistent with the view that abnormal neutrophils and bands are derived from a malignant clone of myeloid precursor cells.

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Previous studies on neutrophils in patients with the myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) have indicated deficiencies in the contents of primary and secondary granules. However, the granule membrane remains virtually unstudied despite its essential role in the dynamic function of the cytoplasmic granules. In this study, we examined the membrane glycoproteins of primary and secondary granules of peripheral blood and/or bone marrow neutrophils using the monoclonal antibody $sol H 3671$ to CD15 glycoproteins. In addition, myeloperoxidase activity and antigen, elastase and lactoferrin were also studied using cytochemical and immunocytochemical stains. A total of 216 patients were included. Deficiencies of granule membrane glycoproteins were the most common, detected in 49%, followed by myeloperoxidase activity (17%), elastase (16%), myeloperoxidase antigen (9%), and lactoferrin (8%). Multiple deficiencies always included granule membrane deficiency. We conclude that granule membrane defects are common in MDS, may provide a common mechanism for multiple granule deficiencies, and may prove to be an additional abnormality associated with granulocyte dysfunction.
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^a: Supported by a grant from the Leukaemia Research Fund. Dr.Gatter is a Wellcome Senior Research Fellow in Clinical Science.

^*: From the Department of Pathology, State University of New York Health Science Center, Syracus, New York

^†: From the Nuffield Department of Pathology, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, England.

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Abnormal neutrophils in acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromea

Blood

Blood

Lancet

Abnormal neutrophils in acute myelogenous leukemia: identification of subpopulations based on analysis of azurophil and specific granules

Blood Cells

Myeloperoxidase-deficient polymorphonuclear leucocytes: longitudinal study during the preremission and the remission phase of acute myeloid leukaem comparison to neutrophil alkaline phosphatase (NAP) activity

Blut

Myeloperoxidase-deficient polymorphonuclear leucocytes (VII): incidence in untreated myeloprolifcrative disorders

Scand J Haematol

Myeloperoxidase-deficient polymorphonuclear leucocytes (I): incidence in untreated myeloid leukaemia, lymphoid leukaemia and normal humans

Scand J Haematol

Myeloperoxidase-deficient polymorphonuclear leucocytes (II): longitudinal study in acute myeloid leukaemia untreated, in remission, and in relapse

Scand J Haematol

Myeloperoxidase-deficient polymorphonuclear leucocytes (IV): relation to FAB-classification in acute myeloid leukaemia

Scand J Haematol

Myeloperoxidase-deficient neutrophils in acute myeloid leukaemia

Scand J Haematol

The French-American-British (FAB) Co-operative Group: proposals for the classification of the myclodysplastic syndromes

Br J Haematol

Cytochemical and ultrastructural studies of aberrant granules in the neutrophils of two patients with myeloperoxidase deficiency during a preleukem state

Blood Cells

Prognostic significance of functional defects of granulocytes in myeloproliferative disease

Oncology

Quantitative cytochemistry of blood neutrophils in acute myeloid leukaemia

Br J Haematol

Studies on abnormal polymorphonuclear neutrophils in acute myelogenous leukemia: clinical significance and changes after chemotherapy

Am J Hematol