Hepatic metabolic response to injury and sepsis
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2021, Molecular MetabolismCitation Excerpt :Thus, there is a critical need to understand the molecular drivers underlying stress-induced hyperglycemia and its role in adverse outcomes. Critical illness is associated with multiple metabolic derangements such as increases in glucagon, catecholamines, and cortisol, but many studies on stress-induced hyperglycemia in humans focus on changes in insulin resistance [22–28]. Normally, insulin increases with blood glucose to suppress hepatic glucose production and promote peripheral glucose uptake [29].
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2014, NutritionCitation Excerpt :Because hepatic glycogen stores are depleted after a short time, the organism is forced to produce glucose from endogenous precursors. For the latter, gluconeogenesis is of central importance [41]. Mammals are able to synthesize glucose from lactate, glycerol, pyruvate, and gluconeogenic amino acids.
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2009, Clinical NutritionCitation Excerpt :These proteins include, e.g. fibrinogen and other clotting factors, complement factors, and many others. Even proteins decreasing in plasma concentration after trauma and sepsis, like albumin, have been demonstrated to have a normal or increased turnover in a multitude of disease states.45,46 At present it is generally accepted that plasma albumin concentration is not a very precise measure of nutritional state but rather a measure for the degree of stress, despite the fact that the half-life of the protein is long.47,48