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Journal of Computer and System Sciences
Volume 65, Issue 4, December 2002, Pages 626-638
 
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doi:10.1016/S0022-0000(02)00020-X    How to Cite or Link Using DOI (Opens New Window)
Copyright © 2002 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

Monotone simulations of non-monotone proofs

Albert AtseriasE-mail The Corresponding Author, a, 1, Nicola GalesiE-mail The Corresponding Author, a, b, 2 and Pavel PudlákCorresponding Author Contact Information, E-mail The Corresponding Author, c, 3

a Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain b University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada c Mathematical Institute AVImage R, Prague, Czech Republic

Received 25 July 2001; 
revised 2 May 2002. 
Available online 10 December 2002.

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Abstract

We show that an LK proof of size m of a monotone sequent (a sequent that contains only formulas in the basis logical and,logical or) can be turned into a proof containing only monotone formulas of size mO(logm) and with the number of proof lines polynomial in m. Also we show that some interesting special cases, namely the functional and the onto versions of Pigeonhole Principle and a version of the Matching Principle, have polynomial size monotone proofs. We prove that LK is polynomially bounded if and only if its monotone fragment is.

Article Outline

1. Introduction
2. Monotone calculus
3. Monotone simulation of LK
3.1. De Morgan sequent calculus
3.2. Using threshold formulas to simulate LK
4. Pigeonhole and matching principles
5. MLK is polynomially bounded if and only if LK is
6. Conclusions and open problems
References

 
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