Infection in Renal Transplant Recipients

doi:10.1016/B978-1-4160-0158-4.50041-0

Chronic Kidney Disease, Dialysis, & Transplantation (Second Edition)

A Companion to Brenner and Rector's The Kidney

2005, Pages 681-697

Chronic Kidney Disease, Dialysis, & Transplantation

https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-4160-0158-4.50041-0 Get rights and content

Reference

1
JA Fishman, RH Rubin
Infection in organ-transplant recipients
N Engl J Med, 338 (1998), pp. 1741-1751
Google Scholar
2
A Schaffner
Pretransplant evaluation for infections in donors and recipients of solid organs
Clin Infect Dis, 33 (suppl 1) (2001), pp. S9-S14
Google Scholar
3
RK Avery, P Ljungman
Prophylactic measures in the solid-organ recipient before transplantation
Clin Infect Dis, 33 (suppl 1) (2001), pp. S15-S21
Google Scholar
4
FL Delmonico, DR Snydman
Organ donor screening for infectious diseases: Review of practice and implications for transplantation
Transplantation, 65 (1998), pp. 603-610
Google Scholar
5
FL Delmonico
Cadaver donor screening for infectious agents in solid organ transplantation
Clin Infect Dis, 31 (2000), pp. 781-786
Google Scholar
6
RK Avery
Recipient screening prior to solid-organ transplantation
Clin Infect Dis, 35 (2002), pp. 1513-1519
Google Scholar
7
BL Kasiske, CB Cangro, S Hariharan, et al.
American Society of Transplantation. The evaluation of renal transplant candidates: Clinical practice guidelines
Am J Transplant, 2 (suppl 1) (2001), pp. 5-95
Google Scholar
8
BL Kasiske, M Ravenscraft, EL Ramos, et al.
The evaluation of living renal transplant donors: Clinical practice guidelines. Ad Hoc Clinical Practice Guidelines Subcommittee of the Patient Care and Education Committee of the American Society of Transplant Physicians
J Am Soc Nephrol, 7 (1996), pp. 2288-2313
Google Scholar
9
BR Rosengard, S Feng, EJ Alfrey, et al.
Report of the Crystal City meeting to maximize the use of organs recovered from the cadaver donor
Am J Transplant, 2 (2002), pp. 701-711
Google Scholar
10
RB Freeman, I Giatras, ME Falagas, et al.
Outcome of transplantation of organs procured from bacteremic donors
Transplantation, 68 (1999), pp. 1107-1111
Google Scholar
11
N Singh, DL Paterson
Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in solid-organ transplant recipients: Impact and implications for management
Clin Infect Dis, 27 (1998), pp. 1266-1277
Google Scholar
12
SJ Antony, C Ynares, JS Dummer
Isoniazid hepatotoxicity in renal transplant recipients
Clin Transplant, 11 (1997), pp. 34-37
Google Scholar
13
JK Preiksaitis, S Keay
Diagnosis and management of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder in solid-organ transplant recipients
Clin Infect Dis, 33 (suppl 1) (2001), pp. S38-S46
Google Scholar
14
M Green, TV Cacciarelli, GV Mazariegos, et al.
Serial measurement of Epstein-Barr viral load in peripheral blood in pediatric liver transplant recipients during treatment for posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease
Transplantation, 66 (1998), pp. 1641-1644
Google Scholar
15
Guidelines for counseling persons infected with human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) and type II (HTLV-II).
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the U.S.P.H.S. Working Group
Ann Intern Med, 118 (1993), pp. 448-454
Google Scholar
16
K Tanabe, R Kitani, K Takahashi, et al.
Long-term results in human T-cell leukemia virus type 1-positive renal transplant recipients
Transplant Proc, 30 (1998), pp. 3168-3170
Google Scholar
17
Update
Investigations of West Nile virus infections in recipients of organ transplantation and blood transfusion
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 51 (2002), pp. 833-836
Google Scholar
18
Update
Investigations of West Nile virus infections in recipients of organ transplantation and blood transfusion? Michigan, 2002
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 51 (2002), p. 879
Google Scholar
19
JA Fishman
Transplantation for patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus: no longer experimental, but not yet routine
J Infect Dis, 188 (2003), pp. 1405-1411
Google Scholar
20
JM Aguado, JA Herrero, J Gavalda, et al.
Clinical presentation and outcome of tuberculosis in kidney, liver and heart transplant recipients in Spain
Transplantation, 63 (1997), pp. 1278-1286
Google Scholar
21
V Delaney, N Sumrani, JH Hong, B Sommer
Mycobacterial infections in renal allograft recipients
Transplant Proc, 25 (1993), pp. 2288-2289
Google Scholar
22
IH Lichtenstein, RR MacGregor
Mycobacterial infections in renal transplant recipients: Report of five cases and review of the literature
Rev Infect Dis, 5 (1983), pp. 216-226
Google Scholar
23
J Lloveras, PK Peterson, Rl Simmons, JS Najarian
Mycobacterial infections in renal transplant recipients: Seven cases and a review of the literature
Arch Intern Med, 142 (1982), pp. 888-892
Google Scholar
24
WY Qunibi, MB Al-Sibai, S Taher, et al.
Mycobacterial infections after renal transplantation: Report of fourteen cases and review of the literature
QJM, 77 (1990), pp. 1039-1060
Google Scholar
25
V Roy, D Weisdorf
Typical and atypical mycobacterium.
RA Bowden, P Ljungman, CV Paya (Eds.), Transplant Infections, Lippincott Raven, Philadelphia (1998)
Google Scholar
26
N Singh, DL Paterson
Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in solid-organ transplant recipients: Impact and implications for management
Clin Infect Dis, 27 (1998), pp. 1266-1277
Google Scholar
27
P Reinke, E Fietze, S Ode-Hakum, et al.
Late-acute renal allograft rejection and symptomless cytomegalovirus infection
Lancet, 344 (1994), pp. 1737-1738
Google Scholar
28
D Lowance, HH Neumayer, CM Legendre, et al.
Valacyclovir for the prevention of cytomegalovirus disease after renal transplantation. International Valacyclovir Cytomegalovirus Prophylaxis Transplantation Study Group
N Engl J Med, 340 (1999), pp. 1462-1470
Google Scholar
29
AM Caliendo, K St George, SY Kao, et al.
Comparison of quantitative cytomegalovirus (CMV) PCR in plasma and CMV antigenemia assay: Clinical utility of the prototype AMPLICOR CMV MONITOR test in transplant recipients
J Clin Microbiol, 38 (2000), pp. 2122-2127
Google Scholar
30
A Humar, D Kumar, G Boivin, AM Caliendo
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) virus load kinetics to predict recurrent disease in solid-organ transplant patients with CMV disease
J Infect Dis, 186 (2002), pp. 829-833
Google Scholar
31
T Mazzulli, LW Drew, B Yen-Lieberman, et al.
Multicenter comparison of the digene hybrid capture CMV DNA assay (version 2.0), the pp65 antigenemia assay, and cell culture for detection of cytomegalovirus viremia
J Clin Microbiol, 37 (1999), pp. 958-963
Google Scholar
32
C Paya
Prevention of cytomegalovirus disease in recipients of solid-organ transplants
Clin Infect Dis, 32 (2001), pp. 596-603
Google Scholar
33
IG Sia, R Patel
New strategies for prevention and therapy of cytomegalovirus infection and disease in solid-organ transplant recipients
Clin Microbiol Rev, 13 (2000), pp. 83-121
table of contents
Google Scholar
34
G Opelz, R Henderson
Incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in kidney and heart transplant recipients
Lancet, 342 (1993), pp. 1514-1516
Google Scholar
35
C Paya, JJ Fung, MA Nalesnik, et al.
Epstein-Barr virus-induced posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders
Transplantation, 68 (1999), pp. 1517-1525
Google Scholar
36
M Nalesnik
The diverse pathology of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders: Importance of a standardized approach
Transplant Infect Dis, 3 (2001), pp. 88-96
Google Scholar
37
JK Preiksaitis, S Keay
Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of post transplant lymphoproliferative disorder in solid organ transplant recipients
Clin Infect Dis, 33 (suppl 1) (2001), pp. S38-S46
Google Scholar
38
NL Harris, SH Swerdlow, G Frizzera, et al.
Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) pathology and genetics: Tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues.
ES Jaffe, NL Harris, H Stein, JW Vardiman (Eds.), WHO Classification of Tumours, IARC Press, Lyons, France (2001), pp. 264-269
Google Scholar
39
M Green
Management of Epstein-Barr virus-induced post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease in recipients of solid organ transplantation
Am J Transplant, 1 (2001), pp. 103-108
Google Scholar
40
D Mutimer, N Kaur, H Tang, et al.
Quantitation of Epstein-Barr virus DNA in the blood of adult liver transplant recipients
Transplantation, 69 (2000), pp. 954-959
Google Scholar
41
BC Gartner, J Fischinger, H Schafer, et al.
Epstein-Barr viral load as a tool to diagnose and monitor post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease
Recent Results Cancer Res, 159 (2002), pp. 49-54
Google Scholar
42
DT Rowe, S Webber, EM Schauer, et al.
Epstein-Barr virus load monitoring: Its role in the prevention and management of PTLD
Transplant Infect Dis, 3 (2001), pp. 79-87
Google Scholar
43
KCM Straathof, B Savoldo, H Heslop, et al.
Immunotherapy for post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease
Br J Hematol, 118 (2002), pp. 728-740
Google Scholar
44
A Durandy
Anti-B cell and anti-cytokine therapy for the treatment of PTLD: Past, present and future
Transplant Infect Dis, 3 (2001), pp. 104-107
Google Scholar
45
T Haque, GM Wilkie, C Taylor, et al.
Treatment of Epstein-Barrvirus-positive post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disease with partly HLA-matched allogeneic cytotoxic T cells
Lancet, 360 (2002), pp. 436-442
Google Scholar
46
CL Davis
Interferon and cytotoxic chemotherapy for the treatment of post transplant lymphoproliferative disorder
Transplant Infect Dis, 3 (2001), pp. 108-118
Google Scholar
47
J Heritage, PM Chesters, DJ McCance
The persistence of papovavirus BK DNA sequences in normal human renal tissue
J Med Virol, 8 (1981), pp. 143-150
Google Scholar
48
P Randhawa, A Vats, R Shapiro, et al.
BK virus: Discovery, epidemiology, and biology
Graft, 5 (suppl) (2002), pp. S19-S27
Google Scholar
49
E Mylonakis, N Goes, RH Rubin, et al.
BK virus in solid organ transplant recipients: An emerging syndrome
Transplantation, 72 (2001), pp. 1587-1592
Google Scholar
50
PS Randhawa, S Finkelstein, V Scantlebury, et al.
Human polyoma virus-associated interstitial nephritis in the allograft kidney
Transplantation, 67 (1999), pp. 103-109
Google Scholar
51
V Nickeleit, HH Hirsch, M Zeiler, et al.
BK-virus nephropathy in renal transplants-tubular necrosis, MHC-class II expression and rejection in a puzzling game
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 15 (2000), pp. 324-332
Google Scholar
52
V Nickeleit, HH Hirsch, IF Binet, et al.
Polyomavirus infection of renal allograft recipients: From latent infection to manifest disease
J Am Soc Nephrol, 10 (1999), pp. 1080-1089
Google Scholar
53
HH Hirsch, W Knowles, M Dickenmann, et al.
Prospective study of polyomavirus type BK replication and nephropathy in renal-transplant recipients
N Engl J Med, 347 (2002), pp. 488-496
Google Scholar
54
JA Fishman
BK virus nephropathy? polyomavirus adding insult to injury
N Engl J Med, 347 (2002), pp. 527-530
Google Scholar
55
RC Drachenberg, CB Drachenberg, JC Papadimitriou, et al.
Morphological spectrum of polyoma virus disease in renal allografts: Diagnostic accuracy of urine cytology
Am J Transplant, 1 (2001), pp. 373-381
Google Scholar
56
SD Gardner, EF Mackenzie, C Smith, AA Porter
Prospective study of the human polyomaviruses BK and JC and cytomegalovirus in renal transplant recipients
J Clin Pathol, 37 (5) (1984), pp. 578-586
Google Scholar
57
E Ramos, CB Drachenberg, JC Papadimitriou, et al.
Clinical course of polyoma virus nephropathy in 67 renal transplant patients
J Am Soc Nephrol, 13 (2002), pp. 2145-2151
Google Scholar
58
R Purighalla, R Shapiro, J McCauley, P Randhawa
BK virus infection in a kidney allograft diagnosed by needle biopsy
Am J Kidney Dis, 67 (1999), pp. 918-922
Google Scholar
59
A Haririan, O Hamze, CB Drachenberg, et al.
Polyomavirus reactivation in native kidneys of pancreas alone allograft recipients
Transplantation, 75 (2003), pp. 1186-1190
Google Scholar
60
E Ramos, CB Drachenberg, M Portocarrero, et al.
BK virus nephropathy diagnosis and treatment: Experience at the University of Maryland Renal Transplant Program.
JM Cecka, PI Terasaki (Eds.), Clinical Transplantation, UCLA Immunogenetics Center, Los Angeles, CA (2003), pp. 143-153
Google Scholar
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C Chapman, AJ Flower, ST Durrant
The use of vidarabine in the treatment of human polyomavirus associated acute haemor-rhagic cystitis
Bone Marrow Transplant, 7 (1991), pp. 481-483
Google Scholar
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Quantitative viral load monitoring and cidofovir therapy for the management of BK virus-associated nephropathy in children and adults
Transplantation, 75 (2003), pp. 105-112
Google Scholar
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RD Poduval, SM Meehan, ES Woodle, et al.
Successful retrans-plantation following renal allograft loss to polyoma virus interstitial nephritis
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JA Fishman
Prevention of infection caused by Pneumocystis carinii in transplant recipients
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JA Fishman
Prevention of infection due to Pneumocystis carinii
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Nocardiosis in transplant recipients
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Cited by (0)

View Abstract

[1] 1
JA Fishman, RH Rubin
Infection in organ-transplant recipients
N Engl J Med, 338 (1998), pp. 1741-1751
Google Scholar

[2] 2
A Schaffner
Pretransplant evaluation for infections in donors and recipients of solid organs
Clin Infect Dis, 33 (suppl 1) (2001), pp. S9-S14
Google Scholar

[3] 3
RK Avery, P Ljungman
Prophylactic measures in the solid-organ recipient before transplantation
Clin Infect Dis, 33 (suppl 1) (2001), pp. S15-S21
Google Scholar

[4] 4
FL Delmonico, DR Snydman
Organ donor screening for infectious diseases: Review of practice and implications for transplantation
Transplantation, 65 (1998), pp. 603-610
Google Scholar

[5] 5
FL Delmonico
Cadaver donor screening for infectious agents in solid organ transplantation
Clin Infect Dis, 31 (2000), pp. 781-786
Google Scholar

[6] 6
RK Avery
Recipient screening prior to solid-organ transplantation
Clin Infect Dis, 35 (2002), pp. 1513-1519
Google Scholar

[7] 7
BL Kasiske, CB Cangro, S Hariharan, et al.
American Society of Transplantation. The evaluation of renal transplant candidates: Clinical practice guidelines
Am J Transplant, 2 (suppl 1) (2001), pp. 5-95
Google Scholar

[8] 8
BL Kasiske, M Ravenscraft, EL Ramos, et al.
The evaluation of living renal transplant donors: Clinical practice guidelines. Ad Hoc Clinical Practice Guidelines Subcommittee of the Patient Care and Education Committee of the American Society of Transplant Physicians
J Am Soc Nephrol, 7 (1996), pp. 2288-2313
Google Scholar

[9] 9
BR Rosengard, S Feng, EJ Alfrey, et al.
Report of the Crystal City meeting to maximize the use of organs recovered from the cadaver donor
Am J Transplant, 2 (2002), pp. 701-711
Google Scholar

[10] 10
RB Freeman, I Giatras, ME Falagas, et al.
Outcome of transplantation of organs procured from bacteremic donors
Transplantation, 68 (1999), pp. 1107-1111
Google Scholar

[11] 11
N Singh, DL Paterson
Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in solid-organ transplant recipients: Impact and implications for management
Clin Infect Dis, 27 (1998), pp. 1266-1277
Google Scholar

[12] 12
SJ Antony, C Ynares, JS Dummer
Isoniazid hepatotoxicity in renal transplant recipients
Clin Transplant, 11 (1997), pp. 34-37
Google Scholar

[13] 13
JK Preiksaitis, S Keay
Diagnosis and management of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder in solid-organ transplant recipients
Clin Infect Dis, 33 (suppl 1) (2001), pp. S38-S46
Google Scholar

[14] 14
M Green, TV Cacciarelli, GV Mazariegos, et al.
Serial measurement of Epstein-Barr viral load in peripheral blood in pediatric liver transplant recipients during treatment for posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease
Transplantation, 66 (1998), pp. 1641-1644
Google Scholar

[15] 15
Guidelines for counseling persons infected with human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) and type II (HTLV-II).
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the U.S.P.H.S. Working Group
Ann Intern Med, 118 (1993), pp. 448-454
Google Scholar

[16] 16
K Tanabe, R Kitani, K Takahashi, et al.
Long-term results in human T-cell leukemia virus type 1-positive renal transplant recipients
Transplant Proc, 30 (1998), pp. 3168-3170
Google Scholar

[17] 17
Update
Investigations of West Nile virus infections in recipients of organ transplantation and blood transfusion
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 51 (2002), pp. 833-836
Google Scholar

[18] 18
Update
Investigations of West Nile virus infections in recipients of organ transplantation and blood transfusion? Michigan, 2002
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 51 (2002), p. 879
Google Scholar

[19] 19
JA Fishman
Transplantation for patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus: no longer experimental, but not yet routine
J Infect Dis, 188 (2003), pp. 1405-1411
Google Scholar

[20] 20
JM Aguado, JA Herrero, J Gavalda, et al.
Clinical presentation and outcome of tuberculosis in kidney, liver and heart transplant recipients in Spain
Transplantation, 63 (1997), pp. 1278-1286
Google Scholar

[21] 21
V Delaney, N Sumrani, JH Hong, B Sommer
Mycobacterial infections in renal allograft recipients
Transplant Proc, 25 (1993), pp. 2288-2289
Google Scholar

[22] 22
IH Lichtenstein, RR MacGregor
Mycobacterial infections in renal transplant recipients: Report of five cases and review of the literature
Rev Infect Dis, 5 (1983), pp. 216-226
Google Scholar

[23] 23
J Lloveras, PK Peterson, Rl Simmons, JS Najarian
Mycobacterial infections in renal transplant recipients: Seven cases and a review of the literature
Arch Intern Med, 142 (1982), pp. 888-892
Google Scholar

[24] 24
WY Qunibi, MB Al-Sibai, S Taher, et al.
Mycobacterial infections after renal transplantation: Report of fourteen cases and review of the literature
QJM, 77 (1990), pp. 1039-1060
Google Scholar

[25] 25
V Roy, D Weisdorf
Typical and atypical mycobacterium.
RA Bowden, P Ljungman, CV Paya (Eds.), Transplant Infections, Lippincott Raven, Philadelphia (1998)
Google Scholar

[26] 26
N Singh, DL Paterson
Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in solid-organ transplant recipients: Impact and implications for management
Clin Infect Dis, 27 (1998), pp. 1266-1277
Google Scholar

[27] 27
P Reinke, E Fietze, S Ode-Hakum, et al.
Late-acute renal allograft rejection and symptomless cytomegalovirus infection
Lancet, 344 (1994), pp. 1737-1738
Google Scholar

[28] 28
D Lowance, HH Neumayer, CM Legendre, et al.
Valacyclovir for the prevention of cytomegalovirus disease after renal transplantation. International Valacyclovir Cytomegalovirus Prophylaxis Transplantation Study Group
N Engl J Med, 340 (1999), pp. 1462-1470
Google Scholar

[29] 29
AM Caliendo, K St George, SY Kao, et al.
Comparison of quantitative cytomegalovirus (CMV) PCR in plasma and CMV antigenemia assay: Clinical utility of the prototype AMPLICOR CMV MONITOR test in transplant recipients
J Clin Microbiol, 38 (2000), pp. 2122-2127
Google Scholar

[30] 30
A Humar, D Kumar, G Boivin, AM Caliendo
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) virus load kinetics to predict recurrent disease in solid-organ transplant patients with CMV disease
J Infect Dis, 186 (2002), pp. 829-833
Google Scholar

[31] 31
T Mazzulli, LW Drew, B Yen-Lieberman, et al.
Multicenter comparison of the digene hybrid capture CMV DNA assay (version 2.0), the pp65 antigenemia assay, and cell culture for detection of cytomegalovirus viremia
J Clin Microbiol, 37 (1999), pp. 958-963
Google Scholar

[32] 32
C Paya
Prevention of cytomegalovirus disease in recipients of solid-organ transplants
Clin Infect Dis, 32 (2001), pp. 596-603
Google Scholar

[33] 33
IG Sia, R Patel
New strategies for prevention and therapy of cytomegalovirus infection and disease in solid-organ transplant recipients
Clin Microbiol Rev, 13 (2000), pp. 83-121
table of contents
Google Scholar

[34] 34
G Opelz, R Henderson
Incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in kidney and heart transplant recipients
Lancet, 342 (1993), pp. 1514-1516
Google Scholar

[35] 35
C Paya, JJ Fung, MA Nalesnik, et al.
Epstein-Barr virus-induced posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders
Transplantation, 68 (1999), pp. 1517-1525
Google Scholar

[36] 36
M Nalesnik
The diverse pathology of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders: Importance of a standardized approach
Transplant Infect Dis, 3 (2001), pp. 88-96
Google Scholar

[37] 37
JK Preiksaitis, S Keay
Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of post transplant lymphoproliferative disorder in solid organ transplant recipients
Clin Infect Dis, 33 (suppl 1) (2001), pp. S38-S46
Google Scholar

[38] 38
NL Harris, SH Swerdlow, G Frizzera, et al.
Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) pathology and genetics: Tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues.
ES Jaffe, NL Harris, H Stein, JW Vardiman (Eds.), WHO Classification of Tumours, IARC Press, Lyons, France (2001), pp. 264-269
Google Scholar

[39] 39
M Green
Management of Epstein-Barr virus-induced post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease in recipients of solid organ transplantation
Am J Transplant, 1 (2001), pp. 103-108
Google Scholar

[40] 40
D Mutimer, N Kaur, H Tang, et al.
Quantitation of Epstein-Barr virus DNA in the blood of adult liver transplant recipients
Transplantation, 69 (2000), pp. 954-959
Google Scholar

[41] 41
BC Gartner, J Fischinger, H Schafer, et al.
Epstein-Barr viral load as a tool to diagnose and monitor post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease
Recent Results Cancer Res, 159 (2002), pp. 49-54
Google Scholar

[42] 42
DT Rowe, S Webber, EM Schauer, et al.
Epstein-Barr virus load monitoring: Its role in the prevention and management of PTLD
Transplant Infect Dis, 3 (2001), pp. 79-87
Google Scholar

[43] 43
KCM Straathof, B Savoldo, H Heslop, et al.
Immunotherapy for post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease
Br J Hematol, 118 (2002), pp. 728-740
Google Scholar

[44] 44
A Durandy
Anti-B cell and anti-cytokine therapy for the treatment of PTLD: Past, present and future
Transplant Infect Dis, 3 (2001), pp. 104-107
Google Scholar

[45] 45
T Haque, GM Wilkie, C Taylor, et al.
Treatment of Epstein-Barrvirus-positive post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disease with partly HLA-matched allogeneic cytotoxic T cells
Lancet, 360 (2002), pp. 436-442
Google Scholar

[46] 46
CL Davis
Interferon and cytotoxic chemotherapy for the treatment of post transplant lymphoproliferative disorder
Transplant Infect Dis, 3 (2001), pp. 108-118
Google Scholar

[47] 47
J Heritage, PM Chesters, DJ McCance
The persistence of papovavirus BK DNA sequences in normal human renal tissue
J Med Virol, 8 (1981), pp. 143-150
Google Scholar

[48] 48
P Randhawa, A Vats, R Shapiro, et al.
BK virus: Discovery, epidemiology, and biology
Graft, 5 (suppl) (2002), pp. S19-S27
Google Scholar

[49] 49
E Mylonakis, N Goes, RH Rubin, et al.
BK virus in solid organ transplant recipients: An emerging syndrome
Transplantation, 72 (2001), pp. 1587-1592
Google Scholar

[50] 50
PS Randhawa, S Finkelstein, V Scantlebury, et al.
Human polyoma virus-associated interstitial nephritis in the allograft kidney
Transplantation, 67 (1999), pp. 103-109
Google Scholar

[51] 51
V Nickeleit, HH Hirsch, M Zeiler, et al.
BK-virus nephropathy in renal transplants-tubular necrosis, MHC-class II expression and rejection in a puzzling game
Nephrol Dial Transplant, 15 (2000), pp. 324-332
Google Scholar

[52] 52
V Nickeleit, HH Hirsch, IF Binet, et al.
Polyomavirus infection of renal allograft recipients: From latent infection to manifest disease
J Am Soc Nephrol, 10 (1999), pp. 1080-1089
Google Scholar

[53] 53
HH Hirsch, W Knowles, M Dickenmann, et al.
Prospective study of polyomavirus type BK replication and nephropathy in renal-transplant recipients
N Engl J Med, 347 (2002), pp. 488-496
Google Scholar

[54] 54
JA Fishman
BK virus nephropathy? polyomavirus adding insult to injury
N Engl J Med, 347 (2002), pp. 527-530
Google Scholar

[55] 55
RC Drachenberg, CB Drachenberg, JC Papadimitriou, et al.
Morphological spectrum of polyoma virus disease in renal allografts: Diagnostic accuracy of urine cytology
Am J Transplant, 1 (2001), pp. 373-381
Google Scholar

[56] 56
SD Gardner, EF Mackenzie, C Smith, AA Porter
Prospective study of the human polyomaviruses BK and JC and cytomegalovirus in renal transplant recipients
J Clin Pathol, 37 (5) (1984), pp. 578-586
Google Scholar

[57] 57
E Ramos, CB Drachenberg, JC Papadimitriou, et al.
Clinical course of polyoma virus nephropathy in 67 renal transplant patients
J Am Soc Nephrol, 13 (2002), pp. 2145-2151
Google Scholar

[58] 58
R Purighalla, R Shapiro, J McCauley, P Randhawa
BK virus infection in a kidney allograft diagnosed by needle biopsy
Am J Kidney Dis, 67 (1999), pp. 918-922
Google Scholar

[59] 59
A Haririan, O Hamze, CB Drachenberg, et al.
Polyomavirus reactivation in native kidneys of pancreas alone allograft recipients
Transplantation, 75 (2003), pp. 1186-1190
Google Scholar

[60] 60
E Ramos, CB Drachenberg, M Portocarrero, et al.
BK virus nephropathy diagnosis and treatment: Experience at the University of Maryland Renal Transplant Program.
JM Cecka, PI Terasaki (Eds.), Clinical Transplantation, UCLA Immunogenetics Center, Los Angeles, CA (2003), pp. 143-153
Google Scholar

[61] 61
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Chronic Kidney Disease, Dialysis, & Transplantation (Second Edition)

Chapter 37 - Infection in Renal Transplant Recipients

Reference