The three-dimensional structure of frozen-hydrated Nudaurelia capensis β Virus, a T = 4 insect Virus☆
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Identification and characterization of RNA duplex unwinding and ATPase activities of an alphatetravirus superfamily 1 helicase
2012, VirologyCitation Excerpt :For the Alphatetraviridae family, two genera are classified, including betatetravirus and omegatetravirus. Betatetraviruses, such as Nudaurelia capensis β virus (NβV), have a single genomic RNA of ∼6.5 kilobase (kb) and a pitted particle surface, while omegatetraviruses, such as N. capensis ω virus (NωV) and Helicoverpa armigera stunt virus (HaSV), have bipartite genomic RNAs (RNA1: ∼5.3 kb; RNA2: ∼2.5 kb) and particle surface with oval protrusions (Olson et al., 1990; Speir and Johnson, 2008; Speir et al., 2010; Taylor et al., 2006). Tetraviruses in all the three families have attracted a lot of attentions due to their close evolutionary linkage with nodaviruses, another family of (+)RNA viruses, such as Flock House virus (FHV) and Wuhan nodavirus (WhNV), that have T=3 capsids and are well recognized as models for studying viral RNA replication, antiviral innate immunity and nonenveloped virus entry into cells (Odegard et al., 2010; Qi et al., 2011, 2012; Qiu et al., 2011; Speir et al., 2010; Walukiewicz et al., 2006).
RNA Viruses Infecting Pest Insects
2012, Insect Pathology, Second EditionEvolution in Action: N and C Termini of Subunits in Related T = 4 Viruses Exchange Roles as Molecular Switches
2010, StructureCitation Excerpt :Thus, virus particles from both genera package two RNA molecules, as do the nodaviruses, the only other small, spherical RNA animal viruses with a bipartite genome. CryoEM structures of several tetravirus capsids have been reported (Johnson et al., 1994; Matsui et al., 2009; Olson et al., 1990; Speir and Johnson, 2008a; Tang et al., 2009), but the 2.8 Å resolution structure of authentic Nudaurelia capensis ω virus (NωV), an omegatetravirus, is the only crystal structure previously determined (Helgstrand et al., 2004; Munshi et al., 1996). The NωV crystal structure showed that the 644 amino acid (aa) capsid subunit has three domains: an exterior Ig-like fold, a central β jelly roll sandwich in tangential orientation, and an interior helical domain adjacent to the RNA.
Euprosterna elaeasa virus genome sequence and evolution of the Tetraviridae family: Emergence of bipartite genomes and conservation of the VPg signal with the dsRNA Birnaviridae family
2010, VirologyCitation Excerpt :Virions also encapsidate a 2.5 kb subgenomic RNA (sgRNA), identical to the 3′-region of the genomic RNA, that directs synthesis of the capsid precursor (see Fig. 1) (Gordon et al., 1999; Pringle et al., 1999, 2003). Betatetravirus capsids display three distinct pits and each face is separated by a deep groove (Olson et al., 1990; Pringle et al., 1999). Omegatetraviruses, such as NωV and HaSV, have bipartite ssRNA+ genomes of approximately 5.2 and 2.5 kb encoding the replicase and capsid precursor genes, respectively.
Unified Data Resource for Cryo-EM
2010, Methods in EnzymologyCitation Excerpt :It is becoming increasingly feasible to determine three-dimensional structures of these complexes in different functional or chemical states using cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM). Specimens for cryo-EM studies come in many forms and shapes, for example, two- or three-dimensional crystals (Gonen et al., 2005; Henderson et al., 1990; Schmid et al., 2004), one-dimensional filaments or tubular crystals possessing helical symmetry (Unwin, 2005; Wang et al., 2006), and individual particles with or without symmetry (Gabashvili et al., 2000; Olson et al., 1990; Zhou et al., 2001). Cryo-EM is also being applied to large samples consisting of irregular ensembles of complexes and cells using tomographic reconstruction methods (Baumeister, 2004; Murphy and Jensen, 2007).
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This research was supported by grants from the NIH to T.S.B. (GM33050) and J.E.J. (GM34220), the Foundation for Research Development to D.A.H., and The Lucille P. Markey Trust to the Center for Macromolecular Structure Research.