Abstract

For the case of evidence ordered in a complete directed acyclic graph this paper presents a new algorithm with lower computational complexity for Dempster's rule than that of step-by-step application of Dempster's rule. In this problem, every original pair of evidences, has a corresponding evidence against the simultaneous belief in both propositions. In this case, it is uncertain whether the propositions of any two evidences are in logical conflict. The original evidences are associated with the vertices and the additional evidences are associated with the edges. The original evidences are ordered, i.e., for every pair of evidences it is determinable which of the two evidences is the earlier one. We are interested in finding the most probable completely specified path through the graph, where transitions are possible only from lower- to higher-ranked vertices. The path is here a representation for a sequence of states, for instance a sequence of snapshots of a physical object's track. A completely specified path means that the path includes no other vertices than those stated in the path representation, as opposed to an incompletely specified path that may also include other vertices than those stated. In a hierarchical network of all subsets of the frame, i.e., of all incompletely specified paths, the original and additional evidences support subsets that are not disjoint, thus it is not possible to prune the network to a tree. Instead of propagating belief, the new algorithm reasons about the logical conditions of a completely specified path through the graph. The new algorithm is O(|Θ| log|Θ|), compared to O(|Θ|^log|Θ|) of the classic brute force algorithm. After a detailed presentation of the reasoning behind the new algorithm we conclude that it is feasible to reason without approximation about completely specified paths through a complete directed acyclic graph.

Author Keywords: belief functions; Dempster-Shafer theory; Dempster's rule; evidential reasoning; uncertainty; propagation of evidence; hierarchical network; partitions; complete directed acyclic graph; computational complexity

Article Outline

• References

Corresponding author. Address correspondence to Johan Schubert, Division of Applied Mathematics and Scientific Data Processing, Department of Weapon Systems, Effects and Protection, National Defence Research Establishment, S-172 90 , Sundbyberg, , Sweden.