Routine clinical determination of lead, arsenic, cadmium, and thallium in urine and whole blood by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

https://doi.org/10.1016/0584-8547(95)01372-5Get rights and content

Abstract

For the measurement of As, Cd, Pb, and Tl in urine or whole blood, judicious choices of internal standard elements for matrix correction and the development of a refined isobaric arsenic correction are necessary to produce accurate ICP-MS results. Ga and Rh are chosen as internal standards for As and Cd respectively. Bi is better for the correction of Pb and Tl than Re. An empirically derived equation relating the measurement of 16O35Cl to the 40Ar35Cl contribution to the arsenic signal at mass 75 is refined by measuring the responses at mass 51 and 75 for urines with added hydrochloric acid. Overall, ICP-MS results for blood and urine are within 6% of Zeeman GFAAS results for patient samples. For surveys, the overall average of ICP-MS results is within 3% of target.

References (31)

  • K. Robards et al.

    Cadmium: toxicology and analysis. A review

    Analyst

    (1991)
  • D.E. Nixon et al.

    Total arsenic in urine: palladium-persulfate vs. nickel as a matrix modifier for graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry

    Clin. Chem.

    (1991)
  • K.S. Subramanian et al.

    Rapid electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometric method for cadmium and lead in human whole blood

    Clin. Chem.

    (1981)
  • K.S. Subramanian et al.

    Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with matrix modification for determination of cadmium and lead in human urine

    Anal. Chem.

    (1983)
  • H.T. Delves

    Biomedical applications of ICP-MS

    Chem. Brit.

    (Oct. 1988)
  • Cited by (97)

    • Exposure to e-cigarette aerosol over two months induces accumulation of neurotoxic metals and alteration of essential metals in mouse brain

      2021, Environmental Research
      Citation Excerpt :

      Tissue samples were analyzed for 15 different metals/metalloids in the Columbia University Trace Metals Laboratory using a PerkinElmer NexION 350S with Elemental Scientific Autosampler 4DX. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) dynamic reaction cell methodology was developed from published methods (Cesbron et al., 2013; Nixon and Moyer, 1996; Stroh, 1993) and modified as per PerkinElmer's suggestions. Although considered essential, 6 of the metals analyzed (bolded) pose neurotoxic potential at high concentrations (Mehri, 2020).

    • Single Step Green Synthesis of Carbon Dots from Murraya koenigii leaves; A Unique Turn-off Fluorescent contrivance for Selective Sensing of Cd (II) ion

      2020, Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry
      Citation Excerpt :

      Meanwhile, Cd2+ ion can accumulate in the food chain so, it is desirable to develop some analytical methods for selective and sensitive detection of Cd2+ ion in the environment and living cells. Recently, various analytical methods have been developed, including atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) [8], electrochemical [9], optical [10], and mass spectroscopy [11] for the analysis of Cd2+ ion. Nowadays, a large number of fluorescence sensors have been developed to detect different types of heavy metal ions due to their high sensitivity, cost-effective, and real-time detection [12–18].

    • Response of phenolic metabolism to cadmium and phenanthrene and its influence on pollutant translocations in the mangrove plant Aegiceras corniculatum (L.) Blanco (Ac)

      2017, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
      Citation Excerpt :

      For the determination of Cd, ground samples were digested using a mixture of HNO3 and H2O2 (2:1, v/v) in a microwave digestion system (MARS 5, CEM™, U.S.). The digestion solution was then diluted with Millipore water and the concentration of Cd was then quantified by inductively coupled plasma–mass spectroscopy (PerkinElmer™, U.K.) on the basis of Nixon and Moyer (1996). A certified reference material prepared from white cabbage (BCR-679, Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements) was used to determine the recoveries of Cd.

    • Environmental metal exposures and kidney function of Guatemalan sugarcane workers

      2022, Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology
    • Metal levels, genetic instability, and renal markers in electronic waste workers in Thailand

      2020, International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
    View all citing articles on Scopus
    View full text