Reversible lithium intercalation in alkali metal vanadium bronzes (MxV6O13+δ, where M = K, Rb or Cs)

doi:10.1016/0378-7753(94)02127-O

Journal of Power Sources

Volume 54, Issue 2, April 1995, Pages 470-474

https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-7753(94)02127-O Get rights and content

Abstract

Thermal treatment of electrochemically prepared crystalline solid solutions of ammonium hexavanadates containing K, Rb or Cs formed adherent electrodes on a conducting substrate without the need for binders. These M_xV₆O_13+δ bronzes where M = K, Rb or Cs belong to the ternary system V₂O₄V₂O₅-M₂O. By controlling the electrodeposition/decomposition processes, various alkali metal to vanadium ratios (0.0 to 0.65) and oxygen to vanadium ratios (2.2 to 2.5) were studied. The RbV₆O_13+δ bronzes have not been studied, they are reversible to lithium insertion. For maximum capacity, only small amounts of the alkali metal could be present. Voltage plateaus for small $M V$ ratio bronzes were similar to V₂O₅ for electrodes made by thermal decomposition in air, and to V₆O₁₃ when heated under a vacuum atmosphere.

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Citation Excerpt :
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Using a novel electrodeposition/thermal process, V₆O_13+y, 0<y<2, bronzes were directly fabricated into a coin cell without the use of binders or electronic conductors. Transport properties of lithium insertion and removal from V₂O₅ and nonstoichiometric (ns) V₆O_13+y bronzes, were examined by electrochemical methods in asymmetrical Li/Li_xV₆O_13+y cells. Diffusion coefficients in the range 0.2–5.0×10⁻⁸ cm² s⁻¹ were found for insertion and removal steps in the range, x=0–1.0. The transport of lithium ions from the vanadium oxides is similar to the insertion process. These bronze cathodes have similar transport properties to composite cathodes, making them potentially useful for electrochromic displays and microbatteries.
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Reversible lithium intercalation in alkali metal vanadium bronzes (MxV6O13+δ, where M = K, Rb or Cs)

Abstract

Mater. Res. Bull.

J. Power Sources

J. Power Sources

Solid State Ionics

Solid State Ionics

Reversible lithium intercalation in alkali metal vanadium bronzes (M_xV₆O_13+δ, where M = K, Rb or Cs)