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doi:10.1016/0376-7388(93)85267-Z 
Copyright © 1993 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Influence of casting solution additive, degree of polymerization, and polymer concentration on poly(vinyl chloride) membrane properties and performance
Received 4 September 1992;
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Abstract
Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) membranes were prepared from different casting solutions. The casting solutions were classified into three types, i.e. casting solution with (i) different solvents, (ii) with different degrees of polymerization of PVC and (iii) with different PVC concentrations. The relationship between the properties of the casting solutions and the morphology of the resulting PVC membranes was investigated. The density and crystallinity of the PVC membrane increased with increasing relative viscosity of the casting solution. It was found that the morphology of the PVC membrane was significantly affected by the character of the casting solution. The permeability, solubility and diffusivity of water vapor through PVC membranes with different physical structures were also investigated. The parameters decreased with an increase in the crystallinity of the PVC membranes. Furthermore, measurements of the pervaporation of the various PVC membranes were conducted with aqueous ethanol solutions. The permeation rate increased and the separation factor decreased with a decrease in the crystallinity of the PVC membrane.
Author Keywords: poly(vinyl chloride) membranes; viscosity, of casting solution; membrane preparation and structure; water sorption and diffusion; pervaporation
