Mini review and general paper
Amphibian sympathetic ganglia as a model system for investigating regeneration in the vertebrate peripheral nervous system

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Abstract

  • 1.

    1. The paravertebral sympathetic ganglion of the bullfrog serves as an excellent experimental system in which to study the response of vertebrate neurones to axotomy and the mechanisms associated with regeneration.

  • 2.

    2. Various types of lesions to the axons (axotomy) of these neurones promote distinct and reproducible changes in the electrophysiological properties of the cell bodies which are not a consequence of changes in cell body morphology.

  • 3.

    3. The axotomy-induced increase in spike width and decrease in the amplitude of the action potential after-hyperpolarization may allow an increase in Ca2+ influx and thereby promote regrowth.

  • 4.

    4. The axotomy-induced decrease in after-hyperpolarization duration may reflect the disconnection of the neurone with its target and the loss of available nerve growth factor (NGF) from the target.

  • 5.

    5. Experiments with NGF antibodies provide evidence that an NGF-like substances serves to maintain the normal electrophysiological characteristics of amphibian sympathetic neurones.

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