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doi:10.1016/0167-4048(94)90096-5 
Copyright © 1994 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Audit-by-receiver paradigms for verification of authorization at source of electronic documents
Available online 17 April 2002.
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Abstract
The problem of verifying authorization of source of an electronic document was raised in the IEEE Outstanding Paper of 1990. In this paper, a solution was proposed allowing a recipient to verify that a received electronic document not only came from the claimed source, i.e. is authentic, but was also generated legally according to the rules and regulations of the sending enterprise, and therefore legally binding on the sender. Verification of authorization at source is a more difficult problem than verification of authenticity, but is more binding in that a verified-authorized document is automatically authenticated but an authenticated document may not have been authorized. Fischer's proposal was widened by Russell in 1992 to provide more classes of solutions. This paper considers in more detail one of those classes, audit-by-receiver, which includes the Fischer method. It investigates some implementation difficulties and provides two new alternatives.
