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Tsem and Lsem 
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doi:10.1016/0164-1212(93)90076-A 
Copyright © 1993 Published by Elsevier Science Inc.
Standard for object-oriented development
Automated flow graph-based testing of object-oriented software modules
Available online 26 June 2003.
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Abstract
Classes represent the fundamental building blocks in object-oriented software development. Several techniques have been proposed for testing classes. However, most of these techniques are heavily specification based, in the sense that they demand the existence of formal specifications for the module. In addition, most existing techniques generate test cases at random rather than systematically. We present some test case generation techniques that are based entirely on class implementation, involve systematic generation of test cases, and are fully automated. Our techniques are based on an adaptation of existing white-box, flow graph-based techniques for unit testing conventional procedures and functions. We also provide a general conceptual framework to support the modeling of classes using flow graphs. Our framework clarifies the fundamental definitions and concepts associated with this method for modeling classes.
