Racial discrimination and forms of redress in the military

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Abstract

Since passage of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, employers have been required to eliminate race as a criterion for virtually all job decisions. Because of a series of legal rulings, however, the U.S. military has more or less been exempt from complying with the requirements of Title VII. The reason for this exemption has been the prevailing belief that the ability to address grievances to civilian courts would undermine the discipline necessary for accomplishment of the military mission. Such an assumption is unsupported by empirical evidence. Uniformed military personnel who feel they are victims of racial discrimination must use the military justice system, which provides less protection for the individual. This paper argues that allowing uniformed military personnel access to civilian courts for redress of Title VII grievances may improve military morale and efficiency.

Résumé

Dans le cadre du décret de l'article VII des droits civils de 1964, tout employeur est tenu de modifier toute modalité concernant les critères d'embauché relatífs à la race. Cependant, à cause d'une série des règlements juridiques, les forces armées américaines sont plus ou moins exemptées de promulguer l'article VII des droits civils. La raison pour ce non-alignement est le sous-entendu que la capacité d'adresser les torts aux tribunaux civils ébranlerait toute mission de discipline militaire. Une telle supposition n'est pas soutenable par l'évidence empirique. Le militaire assujetti à la discrimination raciale doit dans ce fait se servir du système judiciaire militaire qui assure moins de protection à l'individu en uniforme. Cet ouvrage propose que si l'on permet au personnel militaire l'accès aux tribunaux civils pour redresser les torts contraires à l'article VII, cet accès pourrait améliorer l'efficacité et la moralité des forces armées américaines, (author-supplied abstract)

Resumen

Con la aprobación del Título VII de la Acta de los Derechos Civiles del 1964, la raza quedo eliminada como criterio en decisiones con relacíon al empleo. Aún así, y a causa de una série de decisiones legales, los militares norteamericanos se han mantenido inmunes a este reglamento. El razonamiento que mantiene esta exensión es que, el derecho a pleitiar casos de injusticias en la corte civil puede traer corne consecuencia la ruptura de la disciplina militar, y comprometer las misiónes militarias. De hecho, la evidencia empirica no apoya esta suposición.sin Informacion acerca de las leyes civiles, los militares que han experimentado discriminatión racial, y que se creen victimas de prejucios racistas, se ven obligados a utilizár el sistema judiciario militar que brinda menos proteccion individual. Este artículo propone que el uso del sistema judiciario civil en estos casos mejoraría la moral y la eficiencia militaria. (authorsupplied abstract)

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