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Cited by (68)
Amblyopic stereo vision is efficient but noisy
2023, Vision ResearchTwo cortical deficits underlie amblyopia: A multifocal fMRI analysis
2019, NeuroImageCitation Excerpt :Thus while high SF and contrast perception impairment are important features of the disease, they appear to be insufficient descriptors of the disease. Amblyopes perceive distinct global spatial distortions (Hess et al., 1978; Lagreze and Sireteanu, 1991; Sireteanu et al., 1993), they mis-localize the position of local features and they are inaccurate in the encoding of spatial position (Bedell and Flom, 1981, 1983; Bedell et al., 1985; Hess and Holliday, 1992; Levi and Klein, 1983; Levi et al., 1985), suggesting an altogether altered representation of visual space that has profound effects for localized judgements when viewing through their amblyopic eye (Bedell and Flom, 1981, 1983; Hess and Holliday, 1992; Levi et al., 1985, 1987; Mansouri et al., 2009)—the full range of symptoms more accurately reflects Tarachopia which means distorted sight (Hess, 1982), rather than amblyopia or blunt sight. Spatial distortions, such as those reported between the amblyopic eyes and fellow-fixing eyes, are unlikely to be due to an afferent projection abnormality because such a static deficit would be subject to recalibration during visual development based on the correlation of neural activity.
The amblyopic deficit for 2nd order processing: Generality and laterality
2015, Vision ResearchCitation Excerpt :For contrast-defined stimuli, there is evidence for the involvement of V1/A17 and V2/A18 (Hallum, Landy, & Heeger, 2011; Zhou & Baker, 1993, 1994). The psychophysical deficit in amblyopia is extensive involving not only contrast sensitivity (Hess & Howell, 1977; Levi & Harwerth, 1977) but also the encoding of spatial position (Bedell & Flom, 1981; Hess, Campbell, & Greenhalgh, 1978; Lagreze & Sireteanu, 1991), global motion (Aaen-Stockdale & Hess, 2008; Ho et al., 2005; Simmers et al., 2003), global form (Husk & Hess, 2013; Simmers, Ledgeway, & Hess, 2005; Simmers et al., 2011), contrast-defined form (Hong, Levi, & McGraw, 2001) and motion-defined form (Husk, Farivar, & Hess, 2012; Giaschi et al., 1992). The site of the amblyopic deficit is thought to be primarily in the striate cortex (Kiorpes & McKee, 1999) but the extent to which the extra-striate cortex is separately affected is not clear (Kiorpes et al., 1998).
The relationship between anisometropia and amblyopia
2013, Progress in Retinal and Eye ResearchCitation Excerpt :This neurological anomaly in the visual pathway generates a wide range of visual deficits beyond the clinical acuity-based definition (for review see Levi and Carkeet, 1993) including, for example, reduced contrast sensitivity at high and medium spatial frequencies (Hess and Howell, 1977; Hess, 1979; Levi and Harwerth, 1977; Bradley and Freeman, 1981; Levi, 1988), reduced stereoacuity (Reinecke, 1979; McKee et al., 2003; O'Connor et al., 2010), impaired sensitivity to shape changes and abnormalities in contour processing (Hess et al., 1999; Kovacs et al., 2000; Chandna et al., 2001; Levi et al., 2007) plus abnormal patterns of lateral interaction (Bonneh et al., 2004; Polat et al., 2005). Amblyopes also exhibit poor performance on spatial localisation tasks (Bedell and Flom, 1981, 1983; Levi et al., 1987; Fronius et al., 2004) such as vernier acuity tasks (Levi and Klein, 1982a, 1982b, 1983, 1985; Levi et al., 1985) and often exhibit dramatic misperception of gratings (Hess et al., 1978; Barrett et al., 2003) and other targets (Pugh, 1958; Lagreze and Sireteanu, 1991; Sireteanu et al., 2008). From the outset, the term ‘anisometropic amblyopia’ must be defined carefully.
Perceptual learning as a potential treatment for amblyopia: A mini-review
2009, Vision Research