Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer
Radiative lifetimes of OH(A2Σ) and Einstein coefficients for the A-X system of OH and OD☆
Abstract
Radiative lifetimes of individual rotational states of OH(A2Σ) were observed using a delayed coincidence technique. The values obtained were scaled to a theoretical functional form to give τrad(A2Σ, v = 0, N = 1, J = = 686 ± 14 ns. Einstein A and B coefficients for the A-X system of OH and OD were computed, using numerical integrals of a transition moment of the form Re(r) = 3.75 × 10-30 (1-0.75 r) C … m and vibrational wavefunctions obtained from numerical solutions of the radial Schrödinger equations (including centrifugal terms) for RKR potentials for the two electronic states. Matrix elements in Hund's case b were transformed to intermediate coupling for the X state to yield proper oscillator strengths for computation of the Einstein coefficients. Tables of the A and B coefficients for the 0-0 vibrational transitions are included. Extended tables are available on microfiche or microfilm from the authors.
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The turbulent flame structure in a steam diluted H<inf>2</inf>/Air micromix flame
2023, International Journal of Hydrogen EnergyIn order to safely organize hydrogen flame with low NOx emission in traditional gas turbines and industrial burners, an attractive combustion technology is the steam diluted micromix combustion technology. The effects of equivalence ratio (φ), steam dilution ratio (D) and nozzle diameter (d) on the turbulent flame structure in a steam diluted H2/air micromix flame were investigated experimentally with a 10 kHz high-speed OH∗ chemiluminescence imaging system to detect the instantaneous flame zone. With the increase of equivalence ratio (φ) or the decrease of steam dilution ratio (D), the overall OH∗ signal intensity and the area of OH∗ signal increase. The maximum OH∗ signal intensity along the axial direction (Z) is distributed far from the nozzle outlet with the increase of nozzle diameter (d). Two types of flame were found for time-averaged images, namely the anchored flame and the lifted flame. And the increase of hydrogen velocity could lead to the changing of flame from anchored to lifted due to lower uniformity of the fuel-air mixture at the nozzle outlet. The instantaneous flames for larger nozzle diameter appear as “M” or “V” shape, and the changing of flame shape indicates an unstable combustion. This was further discussed with the OH∗ spatial distribution uniformity (SDU) and its variation determined by the coefficient of variation (CV) parameter.
Characteristics of turbulent flames in a confined and pressurised jet-in-hot-coflow combustor
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OH* chemiluminescence in the H<inf>2</inf>[sbnd]NO<inf>2</inf> and H<inf>2</inf>[sbnd]N<inf>2</inf>O systems
2020, Combustion and FlameCitation Excerpt :The observed OH* emission is due to this process. The radiative lifetime of OH* was taken from Dimpfl and Kinsey [36]. Figure 5 shows several normalized OH* profiles from the H2NO2 mixture.
Shock-tube experiments were performed in a mixture of 0.222% H2/0.392% NO2/Ar between 1535 and 2003 K near 1.1 atm. Time histories of OH* chemiluminescence from the A→X band near 307 nm were recorded and showed poor agreement with predictions from a recent hydrocarbon/NOx model when only the OH*-forming reactions N2O + H ⇆ N2 + OH* (R2) and O + H (+M) ⇆ OH* (+M) (R3) were included. Since chemiluminescence is strongly correlated with heat release and since the reaction NO2 + H ⇆ NO+OH is known to be primarily responsible for heat release during H2NO2 oxidation, the chemiluminescent reaction
NO2 + H ⇆ NO + OH* (R1)
was proposed for the first time. By fitting the experimental OH* data, a best-fit rate constant was obtained as , with k1 in cm3 mol−1 s−1 and T in K. This expression for k1 is valid in the experimental temperature range of 1535 to 2003 K. The fitted k1 value is dependent on the base NOx mechanism used. OH* profiles were also acquired in a mixture of 0.333% H2/0.666% N2O/Ar between 1448 and 1776 K near 1.1 atm. The introduction of the new reaction R1 into the mechanism had no effect on the modeling of either the newly acquired H2N2O OH* data or previous H2N2O OH* data from the literature. Finally, R1 and R2 violate a long-held assumption concerning the exothermicity of such reactions, suggesting that the exothermicity criteria used to evaluate potential chemiluminescent reactions could be relaxed in future studies. Instead, a new methodology based on both the enthalpy of reaction and the entropy of reaction could be employed to identify new chemiluminescent reactions. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first detailed study of OH* chemiluminescence kinetics in the H2NO2 system.
High-resolution one-photon absorption spectroscopy of the D2Σ<sup>−</sup>←X2Π system of radical OH and OD
2018, Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative TransferVacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) photoabsorption spectra were recorded of the and bands of the OH and OD radicals generated in a plasma-discharge source using synchrotron radiation as a background continuum coupled with the VUV Fourier-transform spectrometer on the DESIRS beamline of synchrotron SOLEIL. High-resolution spectra permitted the quantification of transition frequencies, relative f-values, and natural line broadening. The f-values were absolutely calibrated with respect to a previous measurement of (Wang et al., 1979). Lifetime broadening of the excited and levels is measured for the first time and compared with previous experimental limits, and implies a lifetime 5 times shorter than a theoretical prediction (van der Loo and Groenenboom, 2005). A local perturbation of the level in OH was found.
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Work supported in part by the National Science Foundation and by the Physics Section of the Office of Naval Research.
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Present address: Chevron Research Company, Richmond, CA 94802, U.S.A.