Vertical velocities measured at Biscarrosse (44°n) and by EISCAT at Tromsø (69.6°n) during the DYANA campaign

doi:10.1016/0021-9169(94)90010-8

Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics

Volume 56, Issues 13–14, November–December 1994, Pages 1779-1796

Journal of Atmospher...

https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9169(94)90010-8 Get rights and content

Abstract

The vertical velocities of the atmosphere were measured at Biscarrosse (southwest France, 44°N) by the foil cloud method and at Tromsø (northern Norway, 69.6°N) using incoherent scatter (EISCAT) during the DYANA campaign from January 1990 to March 1990. A new type of foil which had a fairly low velocity of descent alleviated the investigation of small-scale vertical structures. The vertical velocities measured at Biscarrosse by the foil cloud method turned out to be rather moderate (±2–3 m/s) but were found to be superimposed by short-wavelength vertical waves (1–1.4 km) with about half that amplitude (1–1.5 m/s). This was considered to be a major result and a maximum entropy, a bispectral and a triad analysis of the vertical velocities measured in DYANA salvo 2 (on 20 February 1990) suggest a non-linear wave-wave interaction (‘parametric amplification’). A detailed analysis of this aspect which includes all flights is considered necessary. Vertical velocities measured by EISCAT at Tromsø turned out to be quite moderate and one sample (on 5–6 March 1990) is discussed. The large distance between Biscarrosse and Tromsø (3064 km) renders a direct comparison quite difficult

References (33)

M. Baron
J. atmos. terr. Phys.
(1986)
M. Bittner et al.
J. atmos. terr. Phys.
(1994)
A.D. Danilov et al.
J. atmos. terr. Phys.
(1992)
W. Dieminger et al.
J. atmos. terr. Phys.
(1966)
U.-P. Hoppe
C. McComas et al.
J. geophys. Res.
(1977)
C.R. Philbrick et al.
J. atmos. terr. Phys.
(1985)
O.M. Philips
Fluid. Mech.
(1960)
G. Rose et al.
J. Geophys.
(1977)
T. Sato
J. geophys. Res.
(1980)

H.-U. Widdel

J. atmos. terr. Phys.

(1990)

H.-U. Widdel

Adv. Space Res.

(1993)

Y.-F. Wu et al.

J. atmos. terr. Phys.

(1992)

K.C. Yeh et al.

J. geophys. Res.

(1981)

D.R. Christie et al.

J. atmos. Sci.

(1978)

R.R. Garcia et al.

J. geophys. Res.

(1987)

R.R. Garcia et al.

J. geophys. Res.

(1987)

Cited by (13)

Gravity wave reflection: Case study based on rocket data
2008, Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Since gravity waves significantly influence the atmosphere by transporting energy and momentum, it is important to study their wave spectrum and their energy dissipation rates. Besides that, knowledge about gravity wave sources and the propagation of the generated waves is essential. Originating in the lower atmosphere, gravity waves can move upwards; when the background wind field is equal to their phase speed a so-called critical layer is reached. Their breakdown and deposition of energy and momentum is possible. Another mechanism which can take place at critical layers is gravity wave reflection.
In this paper, gravity waves which were observed by foil chaff measurements during the DYANA (DYnamics Adapted Network for the Atmosphere) campaign in 1990 in Biscarrosse (44°N, 1°W)—as reported by Wüst and Bittner [2006. Non-linear wave–wave interaction: case studies based on rocket data and first application to satellite data. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 68, 959–976]—are investigated to look for gravity wave reflection processes. Following nonlinear theory, energy dissipation rates according to Weinstock [1980. Energy dissipation rates of turbulence in the stable free atmosphere. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 38, 880–883] are calculated from foil chaff cloud and falling sphere data and compared with the critical layer heights. Enhanced energy dissipation rates are found at those altitudes where the waves’ phase speed matches the zonal background wind speeds. Indication of gravity wave trapping is found between two altitudes of around 95 and 86 km.
Non-linear resonant wave-wave interaction (triad): Case studies based on rocket data and first application to satellite data
2006, Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
Gravity waves are well known to have significant influence on the circulation and thermal structure of the atmosphere by transporting energy and momentum. When reaching instability, gravity waves dissipate energy, causing the surrounding wind regime to be modified. Therefore, knowledge about the geographical location of sources of gravity waves (‘GWS’), their dynamical characteristics (e.g. wave spectral information) as well as their energy dissipation mechanisms and rates is essential. Besides pure wave breaking, other possibilities of energy transmission are possible. One prominent mechanism is the non-linear resonant wave–wave interaction (‘triad’).
In this paper, an early case study performed by Widdel et al. [1994. Vertical velocities measured at Biscarrosse (44°N) and by EISCAT at Tromso (69.6°N) during DYANA campaign. Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics 56, 1779–1796], to look for a possible triad within wind data obtained by the meteorological rocket based foil-chaff cloud technique during the DYANA campaign (DYnamics Adapted Network for the Atmosphere) in 1990, is reinvestigated. Their assumption of seeing a triad in the data is now proved. In addition the observed wave field is dynamically characterized. Energy dissipation rates and the acceleration of the zonal mean flux are estimated applying linear and non-linear theory, respectively.
Furthermore, ozone data derived from the satellite-based ERS-2-GOME (Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment) instrument in January 2003 are assimilated into the 3D-chemical transport model ROSE (Research on Ozone in the Stratosphere and its Evolution) to yield synoptic and global coverage and to allow the tracing of dynamical processes. Regions of pronounced dynamical variability are identified and are supposed—at least occasionally—to generate gravity waves. Due to their relatively high vertical resolution, ozone measurements of the ENVISAT-GOMOS (Global Ozone Monitoring by Occultation of Stars) instrument are further used to look for possible indications of triad effects above these gravity wave sources (‘GWSs’).
Rogue waves in the atmosphere
2010, Journal of Plasma Physics
Nonlinear acousticgravity waves
2009, Journal of Plasma Physics
Acoustic-gravity waves in the atmosphere: From Zakharov equations to wave-kinetics
2015, Physica Scripta
Nonlinear interaction of gravity waves in a nonisothermal and dissipative atmosphere
2014, Annales Geophysicae

View all citing articles on Scopus

View full text

Vertical velocities measured at Biscarrosse (44°n) and by EISCAT at Tromsø (69.6°n) during the DYANA campaign

Abstract

J. atmos. terr. Phys.

J. atmos. terr. Phys.

J. atmos. terr. Phys.

J. atmos. terr. Phys.

J. geophys. Res.

J. atmos. terr. Phys.

Fluid. Mech.

J. Geophys.

J. geophys. Res.

J. atmos. terr. Phys.

Adv. Space Res.

J. atmos. terr. Phys.

J. geophys. Res.

J. atmos. Sci.

J. geophys. Res.

J. geophys. Res.