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Factors controlling the pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and intratumoral penetration of nanoparticles
2013, Journal of Controlled ReleaseCitation Excerpt :This process is selective for highly permeable tumors that lack lymphatic drainage. Tumor blood vessels are dense, immature, chaotically branched, and dilated [56], and early in cancer research it was observed that large molecules such as proteins were leaking out of tumors, suggesting hyperpermeability [57–59]. It was further observed that blood-borne macromolecules > 40 kDa and nanoparticles could evade renal clearance and leak into tumors [60].
Anticancer nanomedicine and tumor vascular permeability; Where is the missing link?
2012, Journal of Controlled ReleaseCitation Excerpt :Later, Judah Folkman demonstrated the ability of tumors to stimulate their own vascularization [3]. Subsequent studies established that these tumor blood vessels harbored higher permeability compared to normal blood vessels [4–7]. These newly formed vessels usually have irregular and incomplete structures in conjunction with modified physiological responses [8].
A docetaxel-carboxymethylcellulose nanoparticle outperforms the approved taxane nanoformulation, Abraxane, in mouse tumor models with significant control of metastases
2012, Journal of Controlled ReleaseCitation Excerpt :A key feature of tumor pathophysiology is vascular abnormality [1,2]. After visualizing high density, dilated, immature, and chaotically branched blood vessels in tumors [3], investigators went on to demonstrate that tumor vasculature tended to be leaky, signified by unusual transfers of large molecules such as proteins [4–6]. Comprehensive studies of tumor vascular pathobiology and hyperpermeability published in 1986 [6,7] were coincident with a report on the exploitation of the phenomenon for therapeutic benefit: nanoparticles and macromolecules loaded with chemotherapeutic were observed to passively accumulate in tumor tissue, with measurable improvement to efficacy [8].
SMANCS and polymer-conjugated macromolecular drugs: Advantages in cancer chemotherapy
2001, Advanced Drug Delivery ReviewsTumor vascular permeability and the EPR effect in macromolecular therapeutics: A review
2000, Journal of Controlled ReleaseCitation Excerpt :Proteinaceous vascular permeability factor (VPF) [15], which is identical to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) [16], is also known to be produced actively in tumor tissue; its effect is most likely mediated indirectly by extensive production of NO [11–13,17]. Enhanced vascular permeability is also observed in granuloma and inflammatory and infected tissues [18–21], with resultant extravasation of plasma proteins as well as macromolecules and lipid particles into the interstitial space. Table 1 summarizes various factors involved in vascular permeability.
Control of tumour vascular permeability
1998, Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
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The original research reported in this communication was supported by a grant from the Swedish Cancer Society (grant No. 72: 131).