Elsevier

Energy Conversion

Volume 13, Issue 4, December 1973, Pages 117-124, IN1, 125-127
Energy Conversion

Betavoltaic energy conversion

https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-7480(73)90010-7Get rights and content

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    Solar cells, fuel batteries and chemical batteries are not an ideal candidate for long-lived applications due to their individual limitations, e.g. out-of-work for solar cells at night, periodic recharge or replacement for fuel and chemical batteries. Radioisotope-based power sources serving as a self-sustainable power source, are considered to have an opportunity for addressing long-lived applications due to their long lifetime, high-energy density, and insensitivity to environment [1–4]. For converting radioactive decay energy to electrical energy, it is suggested that the direct energy conversion mechanism based on betavoltaic effect is a promising technique [5,6].

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    It was pointed out by Klein [4] that the semiconductors with larger bandgap should have better betavoltaic cell efficiency. Fortunately, two very important modern electronic materials (SiC and GaN), have their betavoltaic efficiency theoretically predicted to be close to optimum [5,6]. GaN has many advantages for betavoltaic cell construction including large bandgap, radiation hardness [7], and high material density which increases the absorption of beta particles and allows using thinner semiconductor layers [8].

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