Research paperVirtual cofactors for an Escherichia coli nitroreductase enzyme: Relevance to reductively activated prodrugs in antibody directed enzyme prodrug therapy (ADEPT)
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Design, construction, and application of noncanonical redox cofactor infrastructures
2023, Current Opinion in BiotechnologyBiomimetic cofactors and methods for their recycling
2019, Current Opinion in Chemical BiologyCitation Excerpt :Application of NCBs in reductive reactions using flavin-dependent enzymes has proven to be extremely successful during the last few years. Initial attempts were already made in the 1990s by Friedlos and Knox using two flavin mononucleotide (FMN)-dependent enzymes, DT diaphorase and nitroreductase from Escherichia coli to convert semi-synthetic analogues as well as methyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide (MNAH) with reasonable catalytic efficiency [21,22]. Within the last decade, a remarkably high number of reports indicates the extensive effort, which was devoted to investigating these exciting yellow enzymes in combination with NCBs [19,23–26,27••,28•,29–31,32•,33••,34•].
EORTC-related new drug discovery and development activities: Role of the Pharmacology and Molecular Mechanisms Group
2012, European Journal of Cancer, SupplementCitation Excerpt :Several investigators within the SPG and PAMM worked on this concept with nitroreductase as the best described example. Nitroreductase from E. coli can activate the prodrug CB1954 to a bifunctional DNA cross-linking drug enzyme, a concept which was developed at the ICR.11,12 Other prodrugs were developed to improve delivery and uptake by cancer cells, since a frequently observed resistance mechanism for nucleoside analogs is decreased uptake.
Quinone Reductase-Mediated Nitro-Reduction: Clinical Applications
2004, Methods in EnzymologyCitation Excerpt :As well as being able to reduce CB 1954, NTR shares some other biochemical properties with NQO1. Like NQO1, NTR is also a quinone reductase (Table I) and utilizes either NADH or NADPH and other reduced nicotinamide analogs as cofactors.60,61 However, it is a much smaller protein (24 kD) than NQO1 (33.5 kD), and there is no obvious sequence homology between the two enzymes.60
Free radical mechanisms in anti-cancer drug research
2001, Studies in Physical and Theoretical Chemistry