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Biology of placebo analgesia

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Cited by (45)

  • Placebo effects in pain

    2020, International Review of Neurobiology
    Citation Excerpt :

    This suggests that a descending rACC-PAG-pons-medulla pain-modulating circuit is involved in placebo analgesia, as previously demonstrated and postulated by other authors (Fields, 2000, 2004, 2014, 2018). An opioid neuronal network in the cerebral cortex and the brainstem has been described as a descending pain-modulating pathway that connects, either directly or indirectly, the cerebral cortex to the brainstem (Fields & Levine, 1981; Levine, Gordon, Bornstein, & Fields, 1978, 1979). In particular, ACC and OrbF project to the PAG which, in turn, modulates the activity of the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM).

  • Sacroiliac joint pain referral zones

    2000, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
    Citation Excerpt :

    The false-positive rate of uncontrolled injections has been reported to be 38%.46 Up to one third of patients may have demonstrated a false-positive response to the diagnostic injection secondary to placebo effect alone.47,48 The effect of including these potential false positives in our study remains an issue.

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From the University of California School of Medicine, Departments of Neurology and Medicine, San Francisco, California.

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