Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
The differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells by mechanical stress or/and co-culture system
Section snippets
Materials and methods
Isolation and growth of MSCs. To isolate human MSCs, bone marrow aspirates of 10–20 ml were taken from the iliac crest of patients ranging in age from 40 to 60 years old. Institutional Review Board approval was obtained for the use of the human bone marrow. Nucleated cells were isolated with a density gradient [Ficoll/paque (Pharmacia)] and resuspended in complete culture medium. The culture medium used was Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum
Cell morphology and orientation
When the MSCs were subjected to 10% elongation for 48 h, changes were induced in their morphology and particularly in their orientation (Fig. 1b). When cyclic strain was not applied, the cells show no particular orientation (Fig. 1a). After mechanical stress was applied, the cells orient perpendicularly to the strain axis and cause MSCs to change their morphology to spindle shape and also change their orientation. Hayakawa et al. also speculated that the stress fibers stretching and subsequently
Discussion
Our study shows mRNA expression of ACL cells’ typical markers of MSCs with significant increase in group II and group III, especially in group III. Both of the cells under group II and group III were exposure to mechanical stress, therefore, it is suggested that mechanical stress appeared to promote the increase of mRNA expression of ECM gene of cells. It is reasonable to speculate that mechanical signals may trigger cell-surface stretch receptors and adhesion sites, resulting in cascades that
Acknowledgments
The authors thank the National Taiwan University Hospital and the National Science Council of the Republic of China for their financial support.
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