Observation of dipropenyldisulfide and other organic sulfur compounds in the atmosphere of a beech forest with Allium ursinum ground cover

doi:10.1016/1352-2310(96)00162-8

Atmospheric Environment

Volume 31, Issue 2, January 1997, Pages 291-294

https://doi.org/10.1016/1352-2310(96)00162-8 Get rights and content

Abstract

Dipropenyldisulfide, methylpropenyldisulfide, cis-propenylpropyldisulfide, diallylsulfide, dimethyldisulfide and 3-methylthiopropene were detected in the atmosphere of a beech forest with Allium ursinum (broad-leaved garlic) ground cover plants. Furthermore, it was shown that the Allium plants were the source of the organic sulfur compounds. The atmospheric concentrations of the organic sulfur observed on one day in May 1994 in a suburban forest in Vienna ranged from 0.3 to 7.8 ppb S with an average level of 2.9 ppb S. The atmospheric emission rate of organic sulfur species from A. ursinum determined with an enclosure box was the highest ever reported for terrestrial continental plants. The total organic sulfur flux on the average was at least 1 jug g-1h-1 (plant dry weight) or 60 gmgm-2 h-1 (per unit of ground area).

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Cited by (19)

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Citation Excerpt :
Its presence in the atmosphere can be due to different sources. One of the main sources was proposed to be the emission of DAS by some plants [1], particularly Allium ursinum (broad-leaved garlic) [2], from sewage sludge [3] and from rendering industries [4]. The crystal structure of DAS has been determined at low-temperature, through the formation of a single-crystal in a capillary using the zone-melting technique [5].
The conformational properties of diallyl sulfide (DAS), CH₂CHCH₂SCH₂CHCH₂, were studied with DFT methods. Eleven structures were found as potential energy minima with the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) approximation. The transition states between the minima were also characterized. The experimental FTIR spectra of gas, liquid, and Ar-matrix samples and Raman spectrum of liquid diallyl sulphide were measured and interpreted in terms of four conformers in equilibrium. The conformational composition at ambient temperature, according to the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) approximation, is 52, 19, 16 and 13% for conformers I to IV, respectively.
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The antioxidative properties of bulb, leaf and stalk of Allium ursinum were investigated. Activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase), quantities of malonyldialdehyde, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals and reduced glutathione and also the contents of total flavonoids, chlorophylls a and b and carotenoids were determined. The extracts from all plant organs exhibited antioxidant activity, the highest having been observed in the leaves. Furthermore, ESR signal of PBN-OH radical adducts in the presence of leaves phosphate buffer (pH 7) extract was reduced for 87.61%.
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Citation Excerpt :
Among others, high densities of several collembolan species known as fungal grazers, e.g. Isotoma notabilis, were found at that time. Furthermore, Allium plants are known to contain organo-sulfur compounds with an inhibiting effect on microbes (Puxbaum and Konig, 1997). The breakdown of plant leaves could have led to triggering of these substances, provoking a sudden release into the soil which may also have affected the microbial population.
In a 140 year-old beech forest with undergrowth of Allium ursinum, field measurements of N₂O and CO₂ emissions in conjunction with measurements of microbial biomass-N, extractable mineral nitrogen and NO₃⁻-leaching were made during four vegetation growth periods. We examined whether pulses of nitrate leaching could be accompanied by enhanced N₂O emission rates. Highest N₂O emission rates (>150 μg N m⁻² h⁻¹) were recorded during July, when substantial nitrate leaching also was evident from ion exchange resins and suction cup lysimeters. These nitrogen losses were preceded by mineralisation of decaying Allium leaves and microbial proliferation in June. In July, a significant decline of microbial biomass nitrogen occurred and up to 113 kg N ha⁻¹ were released. Microbial biomass carbon, as determined from substrate induced respiration, also declined in July. With this method, we identified recurring cycles of microbial growth triggered by soil wetting. Soil microbial biomass carbon related inversely to concentrations of extractable sugar carbon substrates. Our study suggests that within nitrogen-enriched forests, nitrate leaching and N₂O emissions may be linked during the plant growing season. Nitrogen losses appeared to be strongly affected by biomass turnover and microbial mineralisation.
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Short communicationObservation of dipropenyldisulfide and other organic sulfur compounds in the atmosphere of a beech forest with Allium ursinum ground cover

Abstract

Atmospheric Environment

Atmospheric Environment

Atmospheric Environment

Atmospheric Environment

Envir. Poll.

Atmospheric Environment

Analytische Charakterisierung einer Kammermeßtechnik zur Bestimmung biogener Emissionen von flüchtigen organischen Verbindungen

Global sources and sinks of OCS and CS2 and their distributions

Global biogeochem. Cycles

Vegetation Mitteleuropas mit den Alpen

Emissions of volatile organic compounds from vegetation and the implications for atmospheric chemistry

Global biogeochem. Cycles

Short communication
Observation of dipropenyldisulfide and other organic sulfur compounds in the atmosphere of a beech forest with Allium ursinum ground cover