Dental implantEffect of Surface Modifications on Early Bone Healing Around Plateau Root Form Implants: An Experimental Study in Rabbits
Section snippets
Materials and Methods
This study used plateau root form endosseous Ti-6Al-4V implants 3.5 mm in diameter and 8 mm in length. The plateau root form dental implant differs from the commonly used screw root implant in that it has a series of separate circumferential fins spaced along the bone-interfacing portion of the implant. Such an implant design is not screwed into the osteotomy but tapped into an osteotomy of a diameter similar to the implant diameter.7 For mechanical testing purposes, an external hexagon was
Results
The surgical procedure and follow-up data demonstrated no complications regarding procedural conditions, postoperative infection, or other clinical concerns. No implants were excluded from the study because of clinical instability immediately after euthanization.
The analysis of variance results showed a significant effect of implant surface (P < .001) and no effect of implantation time (P > .20) on the torque-to-interface fracture. Significantly greater values were observed for PSCaP than for
Discussion
Because the surface is the first part of the implant to interact with the host, its texture and chemical configuration have been widely investigated.3, 4, 8 However, depending on the implant bulk design and its osteotomy counterpart, substantially different healing pathways will occur for endosseous implants.5, 7 Thus, depending on the implant bulk design and osteotomy dimensions, the surface modifications could affect the early healing of implants differently.
Although a substantial amount of
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Cited by (32)
Mechanical aspects of dental implants and osseointegration: A narrative review
2020, Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical MaterialsCitation Excerpt :The build-up of secondary stability starts with the apposition of new bone onto the implant surface, which is the biological bonding between the implant and surrounding bone tissue (Salvi et al., 2015). Immediately after implant installation, the void spaces between the bone trabeculae of the surgically instrumented implant site wall is filled with blood and a blood clot is formed, characterized by the presence of thrombocytes, erythrocytes, neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages in a network of fibrin (Salvi et al., 2015), leading to the formation of primitive granulation tissue derived from proliferating vascular structures and undifferentiated mesenchymal cells (Leonard et al., 2009; Marin et al., 2010; Suzuki et al., 2010). After this initial wound response, bone formation is initiated.
Calcium orthophosphate deposits: Preparation, properties and biomedical applications
2015, Materials Science and Engineering CCitation Excerpt :To summarize the available information on the biomedical and biomechanical properties of implants coated by CaPO4, one can claim the following. If compared to uncoated controls, deposited CaPO4 were found to induce bone-to-implant contacts [574,818,819,879–890], improve initial stability [891], implant fixation [763,892–896] and nanomechanical properties of adjacent bones [897], show higher torque values [881,886,896,898] and push-out strength [899], seal the interface from wear particles [900], facilitate bridging of small gaps [901,902], reduce ion release from the metallic substrates [806,903–905], slow down metal degradation and/or corrosion [38,42,72,73,414,791,906–908], accelerate bone growth [909–911], remodeling [912,913] and osteointegration [35,437,480,767,914–917], improve biocompatibility [918], induce osteoconductivity [846,919–922], osteoinductivity [923] and osteogenesis [130,889,896,924,925], improve the early bone [437,895,925–927] and healing [928] responses, prevent from formation of fibrous tissues (Fig. 33) [147,929], increase ectopic bone formation [459], osteoblast density [930] and their proliferation [669], as well as the clinical performance of orthopedic hip systems (see below). Furthermore, antibacterial properties of deposited CaPO4 were detected in some studies [38,930].
Osseointegration: Hierarchical designing encompassing the macrometer, micrometer, and nanometer length scales
2015, Dental MaterialsCitation Excerpt :Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that the coating thickness played a role in biomechanical results [129]. In larger preclinical in vivo models, significantly higher levels of bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and biomechanical fixation were observed when commercially available implants were utilized [115,118,131–133]. While significant improvements were consistently obtained relative to uncoated implants, studies that considered IBAD- versus PSHA-coated implants demonstrated that the PSHA-coated implants outperformed the IBAD-coated ones, especially with respect to biomechanical competence at early implantation times [118,129,132,134].
Osseointegration of metallic devices: Current trends based on implant hardware design
2014, Archives of Biochemistry and BiophysicsSignificance of calcium phosphate coatings for the enhancement of new bone osteogenesis - A review
2014, Acta BiomaterialiaCitation Excerpt :The in vivo testing of an implant should demonstrate stability in a biological environment for up to 1 month, which corresponds to the initial healing phase [423]. At early implantation times (typically 2–12 weeks), most animal studies have demonstrated that CaP-based thin films deposited on Ti and Ti6Al4 V implants result in higher osteointegration [401,405,408], bone apposition [414], biomechanical fixation [188,287,424–428], healing capacity [426,429], BIC [73,188,250,252,287,396,397,402,404,407,409,425,428,430–436] and bone–implant shear strength compared with non-coated implants [397]. It has been reported that HA-coated implants hasten osteointegration and improve implant quality compared with non-coated implants [405].
This study was partially supported by Bicon, LLC, Boston, MA, and the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil.