Original articlePatterns of Intimate Partner Violence Victimization from Adolescence to Young Adulthood in a Nationally Representative Sample
Section snippets
Overview of study data
Add Health was designed to examine determinants of health and health-related behaviors of adolescents in grades 7–12 in 1994–1995. A representative self-weighted core sample and several special samples were selected for in-home interviews [28]. More than 21,000 Wave I in-home interviews were completed in 1995 (79% of eligibles). Almost 15,000 respondents were reinterviewed at Wave II in 1996 (88% of eligibles); in 2001, a Wave III interview was conducted with about 15,200 respondents who
Descriptive and bivariate results
Table 1 presents characteristics for the analytic sample. Weighted percentages provide representative estimates of the adolescent U.S. population who report exclusively heterosexual relationships in both adolescence and young adulthood. Partner violence is prevalent: 8.3% experienced victimization only in adolescence, 24.8% experienced victimization only in young adulthood, and 7.2% experienced victimization in both adolescence and adulthood. Many more respondents report physical rather than
Discussion
Using a nationally representative, longitudinal sample of males and females, we examined partner violence victimization onset timing and persistence between adolescence and young adulthood. We examined how patterns vary by individual characteristics and experiential factors relevant to the heterogeneity and state dependence models. Cumulatively 40% of respondents (36% of males and 44% of females) reported onset of physical or sexual victimization by young adulthood. These population-based
Conclusions
Substantial numbers of adolescents are persistently victimized, suggesting developmental linkages between adolescent and adult romantic relationships. To answer broad questions about the timing and persistence of IPV victimization, we aggregated across violence types in our analyses. It would be useful in future longitudinal work to disaggregate victimization types to examine their specific patterns over time, and to investigate whether contributors to persistent IPV victimization vary by type
Acknowledgments
Ms. Spriggs' time on this project was supported by the Carolina Population Center, NICHD NRSA predoctoral traineeship, grant number NIH-NICHD T32-HD07168.
This research uses data from Add Health, a program project designed by J. Richard Udry, Peter S. Bearman, and Kathleen Mullan Harris, and funded by grant P01-HD31921 from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, with cooperative funding from 17 other agencies. Special acknowledgment is due Ronald R.
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2022, Journal of Adolescent HealthCitation Excerpt :Add Health studies show that physical maltreatment in childhood heightens the odds of IPV victimization for women [63] and that adolescents exposed to violent crime have an increased risk of partner violence in adolescence and victimization in adulthood [64]. Although theoretical debates have persisted about whether repeat victimization is the product of “state dependent” (i.e., dynamic) or “population heterogeneity” (i.e., stable) processes [23,65], there is general consensus that victimization has the potential to alter one's life circumstances in ways that increase vulnerability to subsequent violence exposures, independent of time-stable factors [66]. Clearly, victimization and ETV can inflict a wide array of harms over the life course.